United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises' Finances, 2009

In January 2004, a consortium of public and private sector organisations commissioned Warwick Business School to carry out the <i> United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises' (SME) Finances, 2004</i>. This was the first representative survey of SMEs to offer a close analysis of businesses with fewer than 250 employees, their main owners and their access to external finance. A second survey was conducted in 2008, where business owners were interviewed by telephone about the finances they have used or applied for in the last three years, their financial relationships, the characteristics of the business and personal details. <br>
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In 2007, another consortium of UK public sector bodies, small business representative organisations and finance providers agreed to sponsor a similar survey to the 2004 survey, conducted by the Centre for Business Research based at the University of Cambridge. This study is held at the UKDA under SN 6049, with the title <i>United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises' Finances, 2007</i>. It aimed to compile another benchmark and to identify any changes or trends that had emerged since 2004, but made a number of changes to the 2004 questionnaire, so that it is not a direct member of the UKSMEF series, but stands alongside it as a separate cross-sectional survey. The UKSMEF 2008 survey was conducted by the same Principal Investigator as the 2004 survey, based at Warwick Business School, and the 2008 report provides direct comparison between the 2004 and 2008 surveys.<br>
The aims of the 2009 survey were to:<ul><li>provide benchmarking data on the availability of credit to SMEs and the types of finance used</li><li>collect information on the relationship between SMEs and their providers of finance</li><li>develop a general purpose micro database for quantitative research on business finance (offering, for example, scope for comparisons with the US Survey of Small Business Finances) </li></ul>The 2009 sample consisted of 1,250 follow up interviews with businesses interviewed for the 2008 survey. Telephone interviews were conducted by IFF Research Ltd during autumn 2009. These interviews focused on the cost and availability of overdrafts and term loans to businesses in the previous year due to policy makers concerns about the affect of the Credit Crisis on bank lending to SMEs. The data can be used for panel data analysis, in conjunction with UKSMEFs 2004 and 2008, or for standalone cross-sectional analysis. A set of population weights is included in the dataset so that this analysis can be weighted to the UK SME population. These weights were calculated using statistics provided by the Department of Business, Innovation and Skills Enterprise Directorate - see <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-business-innovation-skills/series/business-population-estimates" title="Business population estimates">Business population estimates</a>, formerly 'SME Statistics'.<br>
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Further information may be found on the ESRC <a href="http://www.esrc.ac.uk/my-esrc/grants/RES-189-25-0135/read" title="UK Survey of SME Finances 2009 Follow On Study">UK Survey of SME Finances 2009 Follow On Study</a> award webpage.<br>
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2004年1月，由公共及私营部门机构组成的联盟委托华威商学院（Warwick Business School）开展《2004年英国中小企业（Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, SME）融资调查》（United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises' (SME) Finances, 2004）。本次调查为首个针对雇员不足250人的企业、其主要所有者及外部融资渠道开展深入分析的代表性中小企业调查。

2008年开展了第二轮调查，通过电话访谈企业所有者，了解其近三年来使用或申请过的融资产品、金融合作关系、企业特征及个人信息。

2007年，另一组由英国公共部门机构、中小企业代表组织及金融服务提供商组成的联盟，赞助了由剑桥大学商务研究中心（Centre for Business Research）开展的、与2004年调查类似的项目。该研究以编号SN 6049存放在英国数据档案馆（UKDA），名称为《2007年英国中小企业融资调查》（United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises' Finances, 2007）。其旨在构建另一项基准数据集，并识别自2004年以来出现的变化与趋势，但对2004年的问卷进行了多处调整，因此并非UKSMEF（英国中小企业融资调查，United Kingdom Survey of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises' Finances）系列的直接成员，而是作为独立的横截面调查（cross-sectional survey）与该系列并行存在。2008年的UKSMEF调查由2004年调查的首席研究员（就职于华威商学院）主导，2008年的调查报告可直接对比2004年与2008年的调查结果。

2009年调查的目标如下：
1. 提供中小企业信贷可得性及融资类型的基准数据；
2. 收集中小企业与其金融服务提供商之间的合作关系信息；
3. 构建通用型微观数据库，用于企业融资领域的定量研究（例如可与美国《中小企业融资调查》（US Survey of Small Business Finances）开展对比分析）。

2009年的样本为1250家曾参与2008年调查的企业的追踪访谈，由IFF研究有限公司（IFF Research Ltd）于2009年秋季通过电话完成。鉴于政策制定者对信贷危机（Credit Crisis）对中小企业银行贷款的影响深表担忧，本次访谈聚焦于上一年度企业的透支额度（overdrafts）与定期贷款（term loans）的成本及可得性。本数据集可结合2004年、2008年的UKSMEF数据用于面板数据分析（panel data analysis），或单独用于横截面分析。数据集内置一组总体权重，可将分析结果加权至英国中小企业总体。该权重依据英国商务、创新与技能部企业局（Department for Business, Innovation and Skills Enterprise Directorate）提供的统计数据计算得出，详见<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-business-innovation-skills/series/business-population-estimates" title="Business population estimates">企业人口估算</a>，原名为《中小企业统计》（SME Statistics）。

更多相关信息可参见经济与社会研究理事会（Economic and Social Research Council, ESRC）的<a href="http://www.esrc.ac.uk/my-esrc/grants/RES-189-25-0135/read" title="UK Survey of SME Finances 2009 Follow On Study">《2009年英国中小企业融资追踪调查》</a>资助项目网页。