The evolution of global cybersecurity norms in the digital age: A longitudinal study of the cybersecurity norm development process

Developing cybersecurity norms and global normative cybersecurity behaviors play an increasingly critical role in global cybersecurity governance. This paper takes a longitudinal approach to analyze cybersecurity norms development activities during the period 1997–2020. A total of 206 individual cases were collected, and 233 individual cybersecurity norms were identified and compiled into 25 subject categories. Categorizing the norm subjects alongside the frequency of cases and norms identified each year allowed for a longitudinal view of cyber norm activities and the evolution in developments over these years. This examination enables us to categorize cybersecurity norms, including their dynamic focus and evolution patterns. By studying those viewed as “successful,” we gain guidance regarding the construction of global cybersecurity governance in the digital age.

网络安全（cybersecurity）规范的制定与全球规范性网络行为的构建，在全球网络安全治理体系中发挥着愈发关键的作用。本研究采用纵向研究范式，对1997年至2020年间的网络安全规范发展活动展开系统性分析。本次研究共收集到206个独立案例，识别出233项网络安全规范，并将其归类为25个主题类别。通过将规范主题与各年度识别的案例数量、规范出现频次进行分类整合，得以呈现网络规范活动的纵向全貌，以及该时段内的发展演进轨迹。此番分析可实现对网络安全规范的系统分类，涵盖其动态关注焦点与演进模式。通过对被界定为‘成功’的规范案例展开研究，可为数字时代全球网络安全治理体系的构建提供实践指引。