Evans Solar Facility (ESF) Spectroheliograph

The National Solar Observatory's Evans Solar Facility
is at Sacramento Peak, Sunspot, New Mexico. ESF is two telescopes in one,
both tracking the solar cycle. A 16" coronagraphic telescope maps magnetic
changes in the Sun's outer atmosphere. A special set of 12" coelostat
optics "squints" so the Sun appears as a pinpoint, allowing an "apples
and apples" comparison with the cycles of distant stars. The
spectroheliograph is basically a specially designed camera that scans
across an image of the sun, while letting only light from one particular
color fall onto a light detector, such as film. It is possible for the
spectroheliograph to pass light produced from the hydrogen or calcium
atoms of the sun, for example. Because of the temperature and density
variation with height in the solar atmosphere, and the resulting offset
in differents types of atoms, the solar atmospheric structure at
different heights can can be observed. See http://nsosp.nso.edu/esf/

国家太阳观测台的埃文斯太阳设施位于新墨西哥州的萨克拉门托峰太阳黑子观测站。该设施集两座望远镜于一体，共同追踪太阳活动周期。一座16英寸的日冕分光望远镜绘制太阳外部大气层的磁场变化。一套特殊的12英寸球面望远镜光学系统通过“瞄准”使太阳呈现出一点状，从而允许与遥远恒星周期的“苹果对苹果”比较。分光日食仪实际上是一种特别设计的相机，它在太阳图像上扫描，同时仅允许特定颜色的光线落在光探测器上，如胶片。分光日食仪可以透过太阳氢原子或钙原子的光线，例如。由于太阳大气层随高度变化的温度和密度，以及由此产生不同类型原子的偏移，可以观察到不同高度上的太阳大气结构。详情请见http://nsosp.nso.edu/esf/。