LASER INDUCED-BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY (LIBS): HISTORY, FUNDAMENTALS, APPLICATIONS AND POTENTIALITIES

This review attempts to present a broad view of the technique laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), since its origin, fundamentals, sample preparation strategies, use of chemometric tools for data processing, the advantages and limitations with regard to qualitative and quantitative analysis, aplications and future trends as an analytical technique that is in consolidation in analytical chemistry. LIBS is a rapid and versatile, which is able of providing qualitative and quantitative analytical information for practically any sample, in a virtually non-destructive way, without any substantial sample preparation. The instrumentation is simple, robust, compact, and enables remote analysis. The advancement of the LIBS applications in the areas of agriculture, environmental, food, biological/pharmaceutical, forensic, metallurgy and electronic waste were discussed in detail in this review. We consider that this review will be an important tool concerning dissemination of the LIBS, mainly for audience of undergraduate courses, and disciplines related to instrumental analysis.

本综述旨在全面介绍激光诱导击穿光谱（laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, LIBS）技术，梳理其起源、基本原理、样品制备策略、数据处理所用的化学计量学工具，以及该技术作为分析化学领域正逐步成熟的分析手段，在定性与定量分析方面的优势与局限、应用场景及未来发展趋势。激光诱导击穿光谱技术具备快速、通用的特点，可在几乎无需复杂样品前处理的前提下，以近乎无损的方式为几乎所有类型的样品提供定性与定量分析信息。其仪器系统结构简单、坚固耐用、体积小巧，还可实现远程分析。本综述详细探讨了激光诱导击穿光谱技术在农业、环境、食品、生物/医药、法医、冶金以及电子废弃物等领域的应用进展。我们认为，本综述将成为推广激光诱导击穿光谱技术的重要载体，尤其面向本科生群体以及仪器分析相关学科的学习者。