Supplementary information files for "Antibacterial resistance and the cost of affecting demand: The case of UK antibiotics"

Supplementary files for article "Antibacterial resistance and the cost of affecting demand: The case of UK antibiotics"<br><br>Consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics is associated with rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) levels. The use of broad-spectrum drugs, particularly of cephalosporins, quinolones, and co-amoxiclav contributes the most to the rise in AMR. We use aggregate sales data on antibiotics from the UK to estimate structural demand models and reveal drug substitution patterns. We then simulate alternative tax schemes to evaluate the effectiveness of shifting demand from broad- to narrow-spectrum drugs. Our estimates suggest that these policies can be highly effective in demand management and come at a relatively low cost regarding changes in consumer and producer surplus.<br><br>© The Authors, CC BY-NC 4.0

论文《抗菌药物耐药性与影响需求的成本：以英国抗生素为例》的补充资料

广谱抗生素的使用与抗菌药物耐药性（antimicrobial resistance, AMR）水平的升高密切相关。其中，广谱药物的使用，尤其是头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类以及复方阿莫西林（co-amoxiclav）的使用，是推动AMR水平上升的最主要因素。本研究依托英国抗生素汇总销售数据，构建结构型需求模型开展估计，并揭示了药物替代模式。随后，本研究模拟了多套替代性征税方案，以评估将需求从广谱药物转向窄谱药物的政策有效性。估计结果显示，此类政策在需求管理领域成效显著，且就消费者剩余与生产者剩余的变动而言，其产生的相对成本较低。

© 作者，CC BY-NC 4.0 许可协议