Effect of chemical and thermochemical treatments on the surface properties of commercially pure titanium

ABSTRACT Chemical and physical methods have been generally used for modifying the surface of titanium implants with the aim of achieving better osseointegration. In this work, an evaluation of the effect of different chemicals and thermochemical treatments on the surface modification of titanium was carried out. Plates of commercially pure titanium were polished and treated with four different methods. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and drop shape analysis were used to characterize the modified titanium surface. Our results showed that the AEPTTT surface exhibited the highest Ra values followed by AEAT, AEPT, polished Ti and AE samples. In addition, the AEAT and AEPTTT treatments developed the largest surface area, while the AE treatment produced the lowest surface area. Furthermore, the AEAT treatment created the most hydrophilic surface, which is known to positively affect the osseointegration rate of dental implants.

摘要：目前学界通常采用化学与物理方法对钛种植体（titanium implants）表面进行改性，以实现更优异的骨整合（osseointegration）效果。本研究针对不同化学及热化学处理对钛表面改性的效果开展评估。实验选取商业纯钛板材，经抛光后采用四种不同方法进行表面处理。通过扫描电子显微镜（Scanning Electron Microscopy）、原子力显微镜（Atomic Force Microscopy）、能量色散X射线能谱（Energy-dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy）、红外光谱（Infrared Spectroscopy）、X射线衍射（X-ray Diffraction）以及液滴形状分析法对改性后的钛表面进行表征。研究结果表明，AEPTTT处理组的表面粗糙度算术平均偏差（Ra）值最高，其次依次为AEAT、AEPT、抛光纯钛及AE处理组样品。此外，AEAT与AEPTTT处理获得的表面面积最大，而AE处理得到的表面面积最小。进一步研究发现，AEAT处理制备的表面亲水性最强，该特性已被证实可积极提升牙科种植体的骨整合速率。