Prison Agriculture in the United States

The Prison Agriculture Lab at Colorado State University compiled a first-of-a-kind nationwide data set tracking prison agriculture in the United States. The data set identifies 1101 adult state-operated prisons, including 662 adult state-operated prisons with some type of crops and silviculture; horticulture and landscaping; animal agriculture; and/or food processing and production. These four types of agriculture are further broken down into subtypes, which are more detailed descriptions of an agricultural activity. The data set furthermore entails details on the specific drivers of agriculture, which are the goals or justifications for agriculture at each prison provided by prison authorities. The drivers are broadly classified into financial, idleness reduction, training, or reparative driver groups. Data covers all 50 states and was collected between 2019-2022 by speaking with prison authorities and by scraping official government and agency reports and websites. To enrich the geospatial aspects of this data set, the prison agriculture data provides a key to link with Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level prison boundaries data from 2020.

科罗拉多州立大学（Colorado State University）监狱农业实验室（Prison Agriculture Lab）编制了美国首个覆盖全国的监狱农业追踪数据集。该数据集涵盖1101所成人州立运营监狱，其中662所成人州立运营监狱开展了包括作物种植与林业经营、园艺与景观美化、畜牧养殖，以及食品加工与生产在内的各类农业相关活动。上述四类农业活动还可进一步细分为子类型，以更详尽地描述各类农业作业的具体内容。该数据集还收录了各监狱开展农业活动的具体动因细节，即监狱管理方提供的、设立监狱农业项目的目标或依据。这些动因大致可划分为财务创收、减少人员闲置、技能培训以及修复性四大动因类别。数据集覆盖美国全部50个州，采集周期为2019年至2022年，采集方式包括与监狱管理方开展访谈，以及爬取官方政府及相关机构的报告与网站内容。为丰富该数据集的地理空间维度，本监狱农业数据集提供了关联键，可与2020年发布的国土基础设施基础层级监狱边界数据（Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level prison boundaries data）进行关联。