Genetic population structure of the round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) in North America: multiple markers reveal glacial refugia and regional subdivision.

Round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) have a broad, disjunct range across northern North America and Eurasia, and little is known about their genetic population structure. We performed genetic analyses of round whitefish from 17 sites across its range using nine microsatellites, two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) loci, and 4918 to 8835 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. Our analyses identified deep phylogenetic division between eastern and western portions of the range, likely indicative of origins from at least two separate Pleistocene glacial refugia. Regionally, microsatellites and SNPs identified congruent patterns in subdivision, and population structure was consistent with expectations based on hydrologic connectivity. Within the Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Huron and Lake Ontario were identified as key areas of interest. Lake Huron appears to be a contemporary source population for several other Great Lakes, and Lake Ontario contains a genetically discrete group of round wh...

圆白鲑（Prosopium cylindraceum）广泛且间断分布于北美北部与欧亚大陆区域，目前学界对其遗传种群结构的认知仍较为有限。本研究针对该物种分布范围内17个采样点的个体开展遗传分析，采用9个微卫星（microsatellites）位点、2个线粒体DNA（mtDNA）位点以及4918至8835个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点作为分子标记。分析结果显示，该物种分布范围的东西两部分存在显著的系统发育分化，这大概率暗示其起源于至少两处独立的更新世冰期避难所（Pleistocene glacial refugia）。在区域尺度上，微卫星与SNP位点均检测到一致的种群细分模式，且种群结构与基于水文连通性的预期结果相符。在圣劳伦斯五大湖（Laurentian Great Lakes）区域中，休伦湖与安大略湖被确定为重点研究区域。休伦湖似乎是其他数个五大湖种群的当代源种群，而安大略湖内则存在一支遗传特征独特的圆白鲑种群……