Evidence and Mechanisms of Resveratrol Against Platelet Function: A Literature Review and Network Pharmacology

Globally, cardiovascular disease stands as a leading cause of mortality, with platelets pivotal in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Platelet function, including adhesion, activation, aggregation and apoptosis, is critical for hemostasis and thrombosis and is regulated by multiple mechanisms. The utilization of bioactive compounds derived from plants is being regarded as a promising approach for controlling the risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease. Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenol present in various plants, notably grapes and berries, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cardiovascular protective properties. Moreover, RES has been proven to inhibit platelet hyperreactivity in animals and <i>in vitro</i>. In this review, we summarize the anti-platelet mechanisms of RES, which include inhibiting agonist-mediated platelet activation, attenuating COX-1-mediated TXA2 release, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and modulating Sirt1-mediated signaling. We further summarize that the regulation of the gut microbiome and its metabolites, as well as the anti-inflammatory effects, are indirect mechanisms attributed to its low bioavailability. Additionally, we found that RES may exert regulatory effects on the platelet apoptosis via Network Pharmacology Exploration. In conclusion, current evidence suggests that RES demonstrates inhibitory effects on platelet function <i>in vitro</i> and animal models. However, there remains insufficient evidence from population-based studies to be explored.

在全球范围内，心血管疾病是首要的致死性病因，血小板在血栓形成与动脉粥样硬化的发病机制中发挥关键作用。血小板功能涵盖黏附、活化、聚集与凋亡，其对止血与血栓形成至关重要，且受多种机制调控。植物来源生物活性化合物的应用，被视为防控动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病风险的极具前景的策略。白藜芦醇（Resveratrol, RES）是一类广泛存在于葡萄、浆果等多种植物中的多酚类物质，具有抗炎、抗氧化及心血管保护活性。已有研究证实，白藜芦醇可在动物模型与体外实验中抑制血小板高反应性。本综述系统总结了白藜芦醇的抗血小板作用机制：包括抑制激动剂介导的血小板活化、减弱环氧合酶-1（Cyclooxygenase-1, COX-1）介导的血栓素A2（Thromboxane A2, TXA2）释放、增强抗氧化能力，以及调控沉默信息调节因子1（Sirtuin 1, Sirt1）介导的信号通路。鉴于白藜芦醇生物利用度较低，其调控肠道菌群及其代谢产物的作用与抗炎效应，均属于其间接抗血小板机制，本综述亦对此进行了总结。此外，本综述通过网络药理学探索发现，白藜芦醇或可对血小板凋亡发挥调控作用。综上，现有证据表明白藜芦醇在体外实验与动物模型中均表现出对血小板功能的抑制作用，但目前基于人群的临床研究证据仍较为匮乏，有待进一步探索。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集总结了白藜芦醇（RES）在体外和动物模型中对血小板功能的抑制作用及其机制，包括抑制血小板活化、调节信号通路等，并涉及网络药理学和肠道微生物组的调节作用。