Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Exposure to Violence (Primary Caregiver), Wave 1, 1994-1997

The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) was a large-scale, interdisciplinary study of how families, schools, and neighborhoods affect child and adolescent development. One component of the PHDCN was the Longitudinal Cohort Study, which was a series of coordinated longitudinal studies that followed over 6,000 randomly selected children, adolescents, and young adults, and their primary caregivers over time to examine the changing circumstances of their lives, as well as the personal characteristics, that might lead them toward or away from a variety of antisocial behaviors. Numerous measures were administered to respondents to gauge various aspects of human development, including individual differences, as well as family, peer, and school influences. One such measure was the Exposure to Violence (ETV), administered to the primary caregiver (PC) of subjects belonging to Cohorts 3 to 15. It assessed the PC's perception of the subject's experience of exposure to different types of violent acts, as well as how exposure to violence my have affected the PC, his or her family, and friends.

芝加哥邻里人类发展项目（Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, PHDCN）是一项大规模跨学科研究，旨在探究家庭、学校与邻里环境对儿童及青少年发展的影响机制。该项目的一项子研究为纵向队列研究（Longitudinal Cohort Study）：这是一系列协同开展的纵向追踪研究，历时随访了6000余名随机选取的儿童、青少年、青年群体及其主要照料者（primary caregiver, PC），以考察他们生活境遇的动态变化，以及可能驱使其参与或规避各类反社会行为的个人特质。研究团队向受访对象施测了多项评估工具，用以覆盖人类发展的多个维度，包括个体差异、家庭、同伴及学校环境的影响效应。其中一项评估工具为暴力接触量表（Exposure to Violence, ETV），仅面向第3至15队列研究对象的主要照料者施测。该量表旨在评估主要照料者对研究对象接触各类暴力行为经历的感知情况，同时考察暴力接触对主要照料者本人及其家人、朋友所产生的影响。