Infant stool ITS metagenome. Infant stool ITS metagenome

Probiotics are increasingly administered to extremely premature infants to prevent necrotising enterocolitis and neonatal sepsis. However, little is known about their ecological effects on the trajectory of gut microbiota assembly. Using an intervention trial, we characterized the effects of a probiotic product containing four Bifidobacterium strains and one Lacticaseibacillus strain on fecal bacterial and fungal communities in extremely premature infants before, during and after the intervention.