Efficiency of anti-vibration gloves in soil preparation using a micro tractor

ABSTRACT During the working day, agricultural machinery operators are often exposed to physical risks, such as vibration, which can compromise their health and performance. Micro tractors emit high levels of vibration, which mainly affect their hands and arms. Thus, this study aims at evaluating the efficiency of different glove models in reducing vibration transmitted by the micro tractor/rotary tiller assembly according to the operating velocity and the rotation of the rotary tiller rotor. A completely randomized block design was used in a 4 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement with five replicates. The study analyzed three glove models (G1 and G2 anti-vibration models, and anti-impact model G3) and a control treatment under the same operating conditions, but without the use of protective equipment. The study was conducted at two operating velocities (V1 = 0.98 km h-1 and V2 = 1.6 km h-1) and two rotations of the rotary tiller rotor (R1 = 265 rpm and R2 = 520 rpm). None of the evaluated glove models reached the attenuation capacity required by the Occupational Hygiene Standard (Norma de Higiene Ocupacional - NHO 10) and, under some operating conditions, they raised the incident vibration levels, exceeding the values obtained when the work was performed without a protective equipment. Although the anti-impact model G3 and the anti-vibration model G2 did not reduce the transmitted vibration to the levels considered acceptable by NHO 10, the anti-impact G3 and anti-vibration G2 models showed better performance in the work performed at a velocity of 0.98 km h-1 and a rotation of 520 rpm of the rotary tiller rotor.

摘要：作业时段内，农机操作人员常暴露于振动等物理风险之中，此类风险可损害其健康与作业表现。微型拖拉机产生的振动强度较高，主要影响操作人员的手部与臂部。为此，本研究旨在评估不同型号手套在不同作业速度与旋耕机转子转速条件下，对降低微型拖拉机/旋耕机组传递振动的效能。
本研究采用完全随机区组设计，设置4×2×2因子组合，共5次重复。试验分析了3款手套型号（G1、G2型防振手套，以及G3型防冲击手套）与1组不使用防护装备的对照组，所有处理均在相同作业条件下开展。
试验设置两种作业速度（V1=0.98 km·h⁻¹、V2=1.6 km·h⁻¹）与两种旋耕机转子转速（R1=265 rpm、R2=520 rpm）。
本次评估的所有手套型号均未达到《职业卫生标准》（Norma de Higiene Ocupacional - NHO 10）规定的衰减要求，且在部分作业条件下，手套反而提升了振动入射水平，超出不使用防护装备时的作业振动值。
尽管G3防冲击手套与G2防振手套均未将传递至手部的振动降低至NHO 10规定的可接受水平，但在作业速度为0.98 km·h⁻¹、旋耕机转子转速为520 rpm的工况下，G3防冲击手套与G2防振手套表现更优。