Diversity of zooxanthellae in octocorals

146 samples belonging to 69 genera (114 species) from 20 families of octocorals were collected. Fresh octocoral samples were collected from the eastern Pacific coast during 1999-2002, the Caribbean Sea in 2002 and the Great Barrier Reef during 2000-2002. Small fragments of 1-4 colonies (individuals) were collected per species. Samples derived from museum specimens originally collected from California, Galapagos, the Philippines, Palau and Papua New Guinea were acquired from the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco. Genetic analyses of the zooxanthellae were based on ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. Symbiodinium clades A, B, C, D and G were identified (and no zoxanthellae).An unrooted phylogenetic tree was created from a range of octocoral taxa based on mitochondrial COII-ATP8-ATP6. To examine the presence, genetic identity and diversity of algal endosymbionts (Symbiodinium) in 114 species from 69 genera (20 families) of octocorals from the Great Barrier Reef, the far eastern Pacific and the Caribbean.To compare patterns of the octocoral-algal symbiosis with the host phylogeny. Numbers of samples investigated from the various locations were: Great Barrier Reef (81), Torres Strait (3), other central Pacific regions (12), South Africa (1), eastern Pacific (27), and the Caribbean Sea (22).Species list: Acabaria cinquemiglia; Acabaria sp.1; Acanthogorgia sp.1; Alertigorgia orientalis; Annella mollis; Anthelia sp.1; Astrogorgia dumbea; Astrogorgia sp.1; Bebryce sp.1; Briareidae sp.1, 2; Briareum asbestinum; Briareum cf.stechei; Briareum violacea; Capnella sp.1,2; Capnella sp.2; Carijoa sp.; Cespitularia sp.1; Chironephthya sp.3; Cladiella sp.1,2; Clavularia sp.1; Ctenocella pectinata; Dendronephthya sp.1; Dichotella sp.1; Echinogorgia sp.1,3; Echinomuricea sp.1; Ellisella limbaughi; Ellisella sp.1,2,3; Eugorgia aurantiaca; Eunicea asperula; Eunicea calyculata; Eunicea laciniata; Eunicea sp.1,2; Eunicea succinea; Eunicea tourneforti; Eunicella papillosa; Euplexaura nuttingi; Euplexaura sp.1; Gorgonia mariae; Gorgonia ventalina; Gorgoniidae sp.1; Heliopora coerulea; Heterogorgia sp.1; Heterogorgia verrucosa; Iciligorgia sp.1; Isis hippuris; Junceella fragilis; Junceella sp.1; Keroeides sp.1; Klyxum sp.1; Lemnalia sp.2; Leptogorgia rigida; Leptogorgia sp.1; Lobophytum sp.1,2; Melithaea sp.1; Melithaeidae sp.1,2; Menella sp. 3; Menella sp.1,2; Muricea fruticosa; Muricea muricanta; Muricea sp.1,3,10; Muricella sp.1; Muriceopsis flavida; Nicella sp.1a,b; Pacifigorgia gracilis; Pacifigorgia stenobrochis; Paracis sp.1,2; Paragorgia dendroides; Paralemnalia sp.1,3; Paraminabea aldersladei; Paratelesto sp.1; Plexaura homomalla; Plexaurella dichotoma; Plexaurella grisea; Plexaurella nutans; Plumigorgia schoboti; Psammogorgia arbuscula dowii; Psammogorgia teres; Pseudoplexaura wagenaari; Pterogorgia anceps; Pterogorgia citrina; Ptilosarcus undulates; Rhytisma sp.1,2; Rumphella sp.1; Sarcophyton sp.1,2; Sinularia sp.1; Siphonogorgia geodeffroyi; Solenocaulon sp.1; Stereonephthya sp.1; Studeriotes sp.1; Stylatula sp.1; Subergorgia sp.1; Subergorgia suberosa; Sympodium sp.1,2; Tubipora musica; Umbellulifera sp.1; Villogorgia sp.1; Xenia sp.1a, b; Xeniidae sp.1.Locations specifically identified were: Dungenesse Reef, Torres Strait; Haslewood, Hook, Long, Rattray, and Double Cone Islands on the Central Great Barrier Reef; Bali; Central Pacific; Eastern Pacific; Galápagos; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; South Africa; California, USA; Acapulco, Afuera Zuñiga frente al faro P.Abreojos, Bahia de las Animas, Cabo San Lucas, Cancun, Costa frente a Xcaret, Isla Coronado, Isla Danzante, Isla Salsipuedes, Isla tortuga, Piedra Blanca, Piedras de Zuniga, and San Carlos in Mexico.

本数据集共收录146份八放珊瑚（octocorals）标本，隶属于20个科、69个属，共计114个物种。
新鲜八放珊瑚样本分别采集自1999-2002年的东太平洋沿岸、2002年的加勒比海，以及2000-2002年的大堡礁（Great Barrier Reef）。每个物种采集1-4个群体（个体）的小型组织片段。
另有部分样本源自馆藏标本，这些标本最初采集自加利福尼亚、加拉帕戈斯、菲律宾、帕劳及巴布亚新几内亚，从旧金山加利福尼亚科学院（California Academy of Sciences）获取。
针对虫黄藻（zooxanthellae）的遗传分析基于核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区1（ITS1）区域，本研究共鉴定出共生虫黄藻（Symbiodinium）的A、B、C、D、G共5个类群，另有部分样本未检出虫黄藻。
基于线粒体COII-ATP8-ATP6区域，针对多种八放珊瑚类群构建了无根系统发育树。
本研究的核心目标包括两点：一是探究采自大堡礁、东太平洋远海及加勒比海的69个属（20个科）114种八放珊瑚中，藻类内共生体（Symbiodinium）的存在情况、遗传特征与多样性；二是对比八放珊瑚-藻类共生模式与宿主系统发育之间的关联。
各区域的调查样本量如下：大堡礁81份、托雷斯海峡（Torres Strait）3份、太平洋中部其他区域12份、南非1份、东太平洋27份、加勒比海22份。
物种列表如下：Acabaria cinquemiglia; Acabaria sp.1; Acanthogorgia sp.1; Alertigorgia orientalis; Annella mollis; Anthelia sp.1; Astrogorgia dumbea; Astrogorgia sp.1; Bebryce sp.1; Briareidae sp.1, 2; Briareum asbestinum; Briareum cf.stechei; Briareum violacea; Capnella sp.1,2; Capnella sp.2; Carijoa sp.; Cespitularia sp.1; Chironephthya sp.3; Cladiella sp.1,2; Clavularia sp.1; Ctenocella pectinata; Dendronephthya sp.1; Dichotella sp.1; Echinogorgia sp.1,3; Echinomuricea sp.1; Ellisella limbaughi; Ellisella sp.1,2,3; Eugorgia aurantiaca; Eunicea asperula; Eunicea calyculata; Eunicea laciniata; Eunicea sp.1,2; Eunicea succinea; Eunicea tourneforti; Eunicella papillosa; Euplexaura nuttingi; Euplexaura sp.1; Gorgonia mariae; Gorgonia ventalina; Gorgoniidae sp.1; Heliopora coerulea; Heterogorgia sp.1; Heterogorgia verrucosa; Iciligorgia sp.1; Isis hippuris; Junceella fragilis; Junceella sp.1; Keroeides sp.1; Klyxum sp.1; Lemnalia sp.2; Leptogorgia rigida; Leptogorgia sp.1; Lobophytum sp.1,2; Melithaea sp.1; Melithaeidae sp.1,2; Menella sp. 3; Menella sp.1,2; Muricea fruticosa; Muricea muricanta; Muricea sp.1,3,10; Muricella sp.1; Muriceopsis flavida; Nicella sp.1a,b; Pacifigorgia gracilis; Pacifigorgia stenobrochis; Paracis sp.1,2; Paragorgia dendroides; Paralemnalia sp.1,3; Paraminabea aldersladei; Paratelesto sp.1; Plexaura homomalla; Plexaurella dichotoma; Plexaurella grisea; Plexaurella nutans; Plumigorgia schoboti; Psammogorgia arbuscula dowii; Psammogorgia teres; Pseudoplexaura wagenaari; Pterogorgia anceps; Pterogorgia citrina; Ptilosarcus undulates; Rhytisma sp.1,2; Rumphella sp.1; Sarcophyton sp.1,2; Sinularia sp.1; Siphonogorgia geodeffroyi; Solenocaulon sp.1; Stereonephthya sp.1; Studeriotes sp.1; Stylatula sp.1; Subergorgia sp.1; Subergorgia suberosa; Sympodium sp.1,2; Tubipora musica; Umbellulifera sp.1; Villogorgia sp.1; Xenia sp.1a, b; Xeniidae sp.1.
本次研究明确的采样地点包括：托雷斯海峡的邓吉尼斯礁（Dungenesse Reef）；大堡礁中部的哈斯伍德岛、胡克岛、朗岛、拉特雷岛及双锥岛；巴厘岛；中太平洋区域；东太平洋区域；加拉帕戈斯；帕劳；巴布亚新几内亚；菲律宾；南非；美国加利福尼亚；以及墨西哥的阿卡普尔科、Afuera Zuñiga frente al faro P.Abreojos、Bahia de las Animas、卡波圣卢卡斯、坎昆、Costa frente a Xcaret、科罗纳多岛、丹桑特岛、萨尔西普埃德斯岛、乌龟岛、皮德拉布兰卡、皮德拉斯德苏尼加及圣卡洛斯。