Postpartum Depression: Epidemiological Clinical Profile of Patients Attended In a Reference Public Maternity in Salvador-BA

Abstract Objective To evaluate the clinical epidemiological state of women with suspected post partum depression (PPD) in a public maternity hospital in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional research was performed with puerperal patients attended at a public maternity hospital in Salvador, Bahia. Data collection was performed from June to September 2017. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used as a screening instrument, and, subsequently, women with positive scores answered a questionnaire to identify their clinical and epidemiological status. Results Out of 151 postpartum women from the research, 30 (19.8%) presented suspicion of PPD. There was a prevalence of single mothers 13 (43.3%), women with complete fundamental education 15 (50.0%), women with black skin color 14 (46.7%), and those with a monthly family income of up to one minimum wage 18 (40.0%). Conclusion Although PPD is an underdiagnosed disease, a high prevalence of the condition was found in our research. It is, then, considered that these results reinforce its significance as a public health problem, requiring prevention strategies, early diagnosis and effective treatment.

摘要
目的：评估巴西巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多市某公立妇产医院疑似产后抑郁症（postpartum depression, PPD）女性的临床流行病学特征。
方法：本研究采用横断面研究设计，研究对象为巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多市某公立妇产医院收治的产褥期患者。数据收集于2017年6月至9月期间开展。以爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale）作为筛查工具，得分阳性的受试者后续需填写问卷，以明确其临床与流行病学特征。
结果：本研究共纳入151名产后女性，其中30名（占比19.8%）疑似罹患产后抑郁症。在阳性受试者中，单亲母亲占13名（43.3%）、完成初等教育者占15名（50.0%）、黑皮肤女性占14名（46.7%），月家庭收入不超过1倍最低工资标准者占18名（40.0%），上述群体占比相对较高。
结论：尽管产后抑郁症是一种诊断不足的疾病，但本研究中该疾病的患病率较高。本研究结果进一步强化了其作为公共卫生问题的重要性，亟需制定针对性预防策略、开展早期诊断并提供有效治疗方案。