Building maintenance with emphasis in plumbing systems: a systematic review of the literature

ABSTRACT With the increasing demand for buildings, it is necessary that conservation and maintenance practices of building systems be properly specified and fulfilled. This research is a systematic review of the literature about the importance, consequences, and performance of plumbing systems. The search for articles was carried out on the Portal de Periódicos Capes covering the period from 2007 to 2017. 252 articles were found, but, based on the topic, just 26 were selected. The content of the articles was discussed in five research questions, including failures in plumbing systems, building maintenance, and assessment tools for plumbing performance and susceptibility to risks. It was observed that the failures in plumbing systems are common, mainly problems with leaks, which result in financial, time, and emotional costs for users. In addition, many of these pathological manifestations are related to the absence or failure of maintenance. However, maintenance is greatly influenced by factors such as material type, costs, and user expectations, requiring efficient maintenance programs and qualified teams to ensure the performance of the building and its systems. In addition, some tools have been developed in order to assess the building systems performance and susceptibility to risks, helping in the decision-making of maintenance and design phase.

摘要 随着建筑需求日益增长，建筑系统的养护与维护规程亟需得到明确规范并切实落实。本研究针对给排水系统（plumbing systems）的重要性、影响后果与运行性能开展系统性文献综述。文献检索于CAPES期刊门户（Portal de Periódicos Capes）开展，检索时限为2007年至2017年，共检索得到252篇文献，经主题筛选后最终纳入26篇。本次综述围绕五大研究议题展开讨论，涵盖给排水系统故障、建筑维护、给排水系统性能评估工具以及风险易感性分析。研究发现，给排水系统故障较为频发，其中以渗漏问题最为典型，会为使用者带来经济、时间与精神层面的多重损失。此外，多数此类故障表现与维护缺位或维护不当密切相关。但维护工作受材料类型、成本及使用者预期等诸多因素的显著影响，因此需构建高效的维护方案并配备专业运维团队，以保障建筑及其系统的稳定运行。此外，现有部分工具已被开发用于评估建筑系统性能与风险易感性，可为维护决策与设计阶段提供辅助支持。