间充质干细胞与神经干细胞在脊髓损伤治疗中作用比较研究电子数据

尽管间充质干细胞(MSCs)和神经干细胞(NSCs)已经得到了多个国家伦理委员会的认可，并应用于临床试验中，但并没有研究人员去比较这两种干细胞在脊髓损伤(SCI)方面治疗效果的差异。因此，我们将人脐带组织来源的MSCs (hMSCs)和胎儿脊髓组织来源的NSCs (hNSCs)分别接种在多孔、有序结构的胶原蛋白生物材料支架(LCSS)上。随后，将种有两种细胞的支架分别移植到2mm长的全横断性SCI的大鼠体内,研究结果表明：在控制SCI慢性期（移植术后8周）损伤区胶质瘢痕形成方面，hMSCs和hNSCs起着同样而有效的抑制作用；与hMSCs相比，移植的hNSCs不仅可以在损伤微环境中长期存活和分化成Tuj-1阳性的神经元，还能够有效促进内源性神经元和轴突再生；此外，移植治疗后1，4和8周的免疫荧光染色结果表明，植入SCI区的hNSCs表现出了更加明显的炎症抑制能力。

Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) have been approved by ethical committees of multiple countries and applied in clinical trials, no studies have compared the therapeutic differences between these two stem cell types for spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, we seeded human umbilical cord tissue-derived MSCs (hMSCs) and human fetal spinal cord tissue-derived NSCs (hNSCs) onto porous, ordered collagen biomaterial scaffolds (LCSS) separately. Subsequently, these cell-loaded scaffolds were transplanted into rats with 2-mm-long complete transverse SCI. The results showed that both hMSCs and hNSCs exerted equally effective inhibitory effects on glial scar formation at the injury site during the chronic phase of SCI (8 weeks post-transplantation). Compared with hMSCs, transplanted hNSCs not only survived long-term in the injury microenvironment and differentiated into Tuj-1-positive neurons, but also effectively promoted endogenous neuronal and axonal regeneration. In addition, immunofluorescence staining results at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after transplantation demonstrated that hNSCs implanted into the SCI lesion exhibited more pronounced anti-inflammatory capacity.