Frequencies of nasopharyngeal carriage and (adjusted) odds ratios of S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis in children and parents before, 3 and 4.5 years after PCV-7 implementation.

Note. PCV-7; all serotypes included in 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Non-PCV-7; all other serotypes not included in 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. OR; odds ratio.CI; confidence interval. aOR; adjusted odds ratio. All (a)OR-values are based on comparison with cohort as indicated. aIn children, OR-values were adjusted by multivariate analysis for sex, months of sampling, presence of siblings bIn parents, OR-values were adjusted by multivariate analysis for sex, months of sampling, antibiotic use, active smoking, presence of siblings