Data related to differential gene expression and protein abundance analysis

<b>Objective:</b> Fetuin B is a steatosis-responsive hepatokine that induces glucose intolerance in mice. Recently, we found that fetuin B in white adipose tissue was positively associated with peripheral insulin resistance in mice and a small study population, possibly through a fetuin B-induced inflammatory response in adipocytes. This translational study aimed to investigate the link between plasma fetuin B and the adipose tissue transcriptome and plasma proteome in a large cohort of humans.<b>Methods:</b> Continuous linear regression analysis in R was applied to investigate the link between plasma fetuin B and the adipose tissue transcriptome (n=207) and plasma proteome (n=558) in humans, after adjustment for sex, age and study centre (model 1), model 1 + BMI (model 2) and model 2 + insulin sensitivity (MATSUDA-index) (model 3).<b>Results:</b> Plasma fetuin B was associated with &gt;100 genes in white adipose tissue, belonging to pathways related to cytokine/chemokine signaling (models 1 and 2) and insulin signaling (all models), and with &gt;146 plasma proteins, involved in pathways related to metabolic processes and insulin signaling (all models).<b>Conclusion:</b> Plasma fetuin B is related to adipose tissue genes and plasma proteins involved in metabolic processes and insulin signaling. Our findings provide evidence for the involvement of white adipose tissue in fetuin B-induced insulin resistance.

**研究目的**：胎球蛋白B（Fetuin B）是一种可诱导小鼠发生糖耐量减低的脂肪变性应答性肝因子。近期本团队发现，小鼠及小型研究队列的白色脂肪组织（white adipose tissue）中胎球蛋白B水平与外周胰岛素抵抗呈正相关，该关联可能通过脂肪细胞内胎球蛋白B介导的炎症反应实现。本转化研究旨在探究大型人类队列中血浆胎球蛋白B与脂肪组织转录组、血浆蛋白质组之间的关联。

**研究方法**：本研究采用R语言中的连续线性回归分析，对人类队列中血浆胎球蛋白B与脂肪组织转录组（n=207）、血浆蛋白质组（n=558）的关联进行探究。校正策略分为三层：模型1校正性别、年龄及研究中心；模型2在模型1基础上增加体质量指数（BMI）校正；模型3在模型2基础上增加胰岛素敏感性（松田指数（MATSUDA-index））校正。

**研究结果**：血浆胎球蛋白B与白色脂肪组织中100余个基因存在显著关联，这些基因富集于细胞因子/趋化因子信号通路（模型1、模型2）及胰岛素信号通路（所有模型）；同时血浆胎球蛋白B与146余种血浆蛋白质存在显著关联，这些蛋白质参与代谢过程及胰岛素信号通路（所有模型）。

**研究结论**：血浆胎球蛋白B与参与代谢过程及胰岛素信号通路的脂肪组织基因、血浆蛋白质存在关联。本研究结果为白色脂肪组织参与胎球蛋白B介导的胰岛素抵抗提供了证据支持。