Cycle, physicochemical characterization and climatic adaptation of a white hybrid grape on different rootstocks

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the cycle duration, physicochemical characteristics of fruits and climatic adaptation of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid grape grafted on four rootstocks for the production of white wine. We tested four rootstocks, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’ and ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, planted in two climatic regions, Cfa and Aw, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in the cultivation years 2014 and 2015. Cycle duration, production, cluster weight, number of berries per bunch, content of soluble solids, titratable acidity, a maturation index and the weight, length and width of berries were evaluated. A principal component analysis characterized the cultivar for both climatic regions and years. The rootstock did not influence the cycle, production or physicochemical characteristics of the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid. The soluble-solid content in the must was higher and the production cycle in 2014 was longer for the Cfa climate. The production cycle was shorter and the weight and width of the berries were lower, mainly in 2015, for the Aw climate. The cycle was thus longer, production was higher and the chemical characteristics were better for the ‘SR 501-17’ hybrid under Cfa conditions, regardless of the rootstock.

摘要 本研究针对嫁接于四种砧木的‘SR 501-17’杂交葡萄品种开展评估，旨在明确其生育周期、果实理化特性与气候适应性，以用于白葡萄酒生产。本试验选取‘IAC 766 坎皮纳斯（IAC 766 Campinas）’、‘IAC 572 雅莱（IAC 572 Jales）’、‘IAC 571-6 容迪亚伊（IAC 571-6 Jundiaí）’以及‘IAC 313 热带（IAC 313 Tropical）’四种砧木，于巴西圣保罗州的Cfa与Aw两种气候区，在2014和2015年进行种植试验。本研究评估的指标包括生育周期、产量、果穗重量、单穗浆果数、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸度、成熟指数，以及浆果的重量、长度与宽度。研究采用主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis）对两种气候区及不同种植年份的该品种进行特征表征。结果表明，砧木对‘SR 501-17’杂交葡萄的生育周期、产量及果实理化特性无显著影响。在Cfa气候条件下，葡萄汁的可溶性固形物含量更高，且2014年的生育周期更长；而Aw气候区的生育周期更短，浆果重量与宽度更低，该差异在2015年尤为突出。综上，无论采用何种砧木，‘SR 501-17’杂交葡萄在Cfa气候条件下的生育周期更长、产量更高，且化学品质更优。