Immigration and Mobility in Mediaeval and Post-Mediaeval Norway, 2016

The aim of this project was to, through a multidisciplinary approach, to try to develop a better understanding of the population in mediaeval and post-mediaeval Norway with regard to its composition and the influence of immigration. The research drew on information from archaeological, osteological, molecular and historical sources. The material on which this study was based was the human skeletal material from four different graveyards. Both oxygen isotope and DNA analyses was used to identify immigrants in the population and to try and determine the geographic and genetic origin of these individuals. The information from the molecular analyses was complimented by information from the anthropological examination of the human remains as well as historical sources to develop a detailed picture of the population. Questions that were investigated were: How was the composition of the population? How large part of the population were immigrants? Where did they come from? What was the nature of the immigration? Was the immigrant population biased towards one sex or a particular age group? Did children or the elderly migrate? How were immigrants treated and what place did they take in society?

本项目旨在通过多学科研究方法，深化对中世纪及中世纪后期挪威人口构成与移民影响的认知。本研究依托考古学、骨骼学、分子生物学与历史学四类资料来源，研究材料为四座不同墓地出土的人类骨骼遗存。研究采用氧同位素分析与DNA分析技术，识别群体中的移民个体，并尝试确定其地理起源与遗传来源。分子分析结果将辅以人类遗骸的人类学检测与历史学资料，以构建该人口群体的详细画像。本研究拟解答如下核心问题：该人口的构成状况如何？移民在总人口中所占比例为多少？移民源自哪些地区？移民活动具有何种性质？移民群体是否存在性别或年龄群体偏向？儿童与老年人是否参与移民？移民在社会中受到何种对待，又占据怎样的社会地位？