PSYCHOSOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA REGARDING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

ABSTRACT Introduction Children who are more active enjoy sports, have confidence in their ability to engage in physical activity, feel competent and perceive fewer barriers to physical activity. Objective Psychosocially characterize the asthmatic child’s relationship with enjoyable physical activity, physical self-concept, health and perceived quality of life. Method Eighty asthmatic children (age = 11.33 ± 1.10 years, body mass index [BMI] = 20.52 ± 3.83 kg/m2) and 80 healthy children (age = 11.18 ± 1.00 years, BMI = 20.81 ± 4.24 kg/m2) participated in the study. The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C), the Physical Self-concept Questionnaire (CAF) and the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) were used. Results In the PACES questionnaire, healthy children had a better level of general physical activity while in the CAF questionnaire, significant differences were found in ability, physical fitness and general self-concept, which were higher in healthy children. There is a significant correlation between the PAQ-C and ability, general physical self-concept, PACES and total PAQLQ in asthmatic children. Conclusion Asthmatic children had lower levels of physical activity, physical self-concept and enjoyment in physical activity than healthy children. Level of evidence II; Retrospective study.

摘要：
引言：活动量更高的儿童更喜爱体育运动，对自身参与体育活动的能力充满信心，感知自身胜任力更强，且认为参与体育活动的阻碍更少。
研究目的：从社会心理学层面表征哮喘儿童与愉悦性体育活动的关联、身体自我概念、健康状况及感知生活质量。
研究方法：共纳入80名哮喘儿童（年龄=11.33±1.10岁，体质量指数[BMI]=20.52±3.83 kg/m²）与80名健康儿童（年龄=11.18±1.00岁，BMI=20.81±4.24 kg/m²）参与本研究。所用测评工具包括：体育活动愉悦感量表（Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, PACES）、儿童体力活动问卷（Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, PAQ-C）、身体自我概念问卷（Physical Self-concept Questionnaire, CAF）及儿科哮喘生活质量问卷（Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, PAQLQ）。
研究结果：在体育活动愉悦感量表（PACES）中，健康儿童的整体体育活动愉悦水平更优；在身体自我概念问卷（CAF）中，健康儿童在能力、身体素质及整体自我概念维度的得分显著更高，组间差异具有统计学意义。在哮喘儿童群体中，儿童体力活动问卷（PAQ-C）得分与身体能力、整体身体自我概念得分呈显著相关，体育活动愉悦感量表（PACES）得分与儿科哮喘生活质量问卷（PAQLQ）总得分亦存在显著相关性。
研究结论：相较于健康儿童，哮喘儿童的体育活动量、身体自我概念及体育活动愉悦感水平均更低。证据等级：Ⅱ级；回顾性研究。