World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0: An international systematic review

<b>Purpose:</b> This systematic review examines research and practical applications of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) as a basis for establishing specific criteria for evaluating relevant international scientific literature. The aims were to establish the extent of international dissemination and use of WHODAS 2.0 and analyze psychometric research on its various translations and adaptations. In particular, we wanted to highlight which psychometric features have been investigated, focusing on the factor structure, reliability, and validity of this instrument. <b>Method:</b> Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we conducted a search for publications focused on “whodas” using the ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar electronic databases. <b>Results:</b> We identified 810 studies from 94 countries published between 1999 and 2015. WHODAS 2.0 has been translated into 47 languages and dialects and used in 27 areas of research (40% in psychiatry). <b>Conclusions:</b> The growing number of studies indicates increasing interest in the WHODAS 2.0 for assessing individual functioning and disability in different settings and individual health conditions. The WHODAS 2.0 shows strong correlations with several other measures of activity limitations; probably due to the fact that it shares the same disability latent variable with them. Implications for RehabilitationWHODAS 2.0 seems to be a valid, reliable self-report instrument for the assessment of disability.The increasing interest in use of the WHODAS 2.0 extends to rehabilitation and life sciences rather than being limited to psychiatry.WHODAS 2.0 is suitable for assessing health status and disability in a variety of settings and populations.A critical issue for rehabilitation is that a single “minimal clinically important .difference” score for the WHODAS 2.0 has not yet been established. WHODAS 2.0 seems to be a valid, reliable self-report instrument for the assessment of disability. The increasing interest in use of the WHODAS 2.0 extends to rehabilitation and life sciences rather than being limited to psychiatry. WHODAS 2.0 is suitable for assessing health status and disability in a variety of settings and populations. A critical issue for rehabilitation is that a single “minimal clinically important .difference” score for the WHODAS 2.0 has not yet been established.

目的：本系统综述旨在梳理世界卫生组织残疾评定量表（World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, WHODAS 2.0）的相关研究与实际应用，为制定评估相关国际科学文献的特定标准提供依据。研究目标为明确WHODAS 2.0的国际传播与应用范围，并分析其各类翻译及适配版本的心理测量学研究。尤为重要的是，本研究旨在梳理已被探讨的心理测量学特征，重点关注该工具的因子结构、信度与效度。<br>方法：本研究遵循系统综述与元分析优先报告条目（Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA）规范，通过ProQuest、PubMed及Google Scholar三大电子数据库，以“whodas”为关键词开展文献检索。<br>结果：本研究共检索到1999年至2015年间来自94个国家的810项研究。WHODAS 2.0已被翻译为47种语言及方言，并应用于27个研究领域（其中40%聚焦于精神病学方向）。<br>结论：相关研究数量的持续增长表明，学界对WHODAS 2.0用于评估不同场景与个体健康状况下的个体功能与残疾程度的关注度日益提升。WHODAS 2.0与多项其他活动受限评估工具存在较强相关性，这可能源于二者共享同一残疾潜变量。<br>康复领域应用启示：WHODAS 2.0是一款效度与信度俱佳的残疾评估自评工具。其应用范围已从精神病学领域拓展至康复与生命科学领域。WHODAS 2.0适用于多种场景与人群的健康状况及残疾程度评估。当前康复领域面临的一个关键问题是，尚未确立WHODAS 2.0统一的“最小临床重要差异”评分标准。WHODAS 2.0是一款效度与信度俱佳的残疾评估自评工具。其应用范围已从精神病学领域拓展至康复与生命科学领域。WHODAS 2.0适用于多种场景与人群的健康状况及残疾程度评估。当前康复领域面临的一个关键问题是，尚未确立WHODAS 2.0统一的“最小临床重要差异”评分标准。