EFFECT OF TYPE OF MILKING AND ENVIRONMENT ON THE RAW MILK QUALITY BASED ON SOMATIC CELLS COUNT

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the type of milking and the environment on raw milk quality by identification of Somatic Cells Count - CCS in the samples obtained from farms in the mesoregion of south goiano and correlate it with the different types of milk, milk components, and time of year. The research was developed in 229 farms associated with the Catalão Cooperative, divided for types of milking: manual and mechanical. A monthly sample was collected in each property in the expansion tank, totaling 8244 samples. Mechanical milking presented the highest number of samples with CCS > 500.000 cells / mL. There was a positive correlation between CCS and fat and total solids - TS, but there was a negative correlation between CCS and protein and lactose. During the rainy season CCS increased compared to dry season. Also, the rise of temperature and humidity index - THI caused a reduction in fat and TS. In conclusion, hand milking was more feasible to obtain the milk CCS parameters required by the legislation and CCS and milk components suffer interference from the time of the year.

摘要：本研究旨在通过检测戈亚斯州南部次区域各农场采集的原料乳样本中的体细胞计数（Somatic Cells Count，CCS），评估挤奶方式与环境因素对原料乳品质的影响，并分析其与不同挤奶方式、乳成分及季节的关联。本研究共纳入隶属于卡塔朗合作社（Catalão Cooperative）的229家牧场，按挤奶方式分为手工挤奶与机械挤奶两组。每月从各牧场的扩张罐中采集样本，累计获取8244份样本。机械挤奶组中，体细胞计数超过500000个/毫升的样本数量最多。研究发现，CCS与乳脂肪及总固体（Total Solids，TS）呈正相关，而与乳蛋白及乳糖呈负相关。雨季时，CCS水平较旱季有所升高。此外，温湿度指数（Temperature and Humidity Index，THI）的升高会导致乳脂肪与总固体含量降低。综上，手工挤奶更易获得符合法规要求的CCS参数，且CCS与乳成分均会受到季节因素的干扰。