Raw and meta data for 16S ecogenomics of a hydrocarbon containmated site

Petroleum contaminants are exposed to weathering when released into environment, resulting in the alteration of their chemical composition. Here, we investigated microbial communities through the soil profile at an industrial site, which was exposed to various petroleum products for over 50 years. The petroleum is present as light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) and is un-dergoing natural source zone depletion (NSZD). Microbial community composition was com-pared to the contaminant type, concentration, and its depth of obtained soil cores. A large population of Archaea, particularly Methanomicrobia and Methanobacteria and indication of complex syntrophic relationships of methanogens, methanotrophs and bacteria were found in the con-taminated cores. Different families were enriched across the LNAPL types. Results indicate methanogenic or anoxic conditions in the deeper and highly contaminated sections of the soil cores investigated. The contaminant was highly weathered, likely resulting in the formation of recal-citrant polar compounds. This research provides insight into the microorganisms fundamentally associated with LNAPL, throughout a soil depth profile above and below the water table, un-dergoing NSZD processes at a legacy petroleum site. It advances the potential for integration of microbial community effects on bioremediation and in response to physicochemical partitioning of LNAPL components from different petroleum types.\nLineage: DNA was extracted and 16S amplicons were produced.

石油污染物排入环境后会经历风化作用，导致自身化学成分发生改变。本研究针对一处持续暴露于各类石油产品长达50余年的工业场地，对其土壤剖面中的微生物群落进行了调查。该场地的石油以轻质非水相液体（light non-aqueous phase liquid, LNAPL）形式存在，且正处于天然源区耗竭（natural source zone depletion, NSZD）过程中。研究将微生物群落组成与采集的土壤岩芯中的污染物类型、浓度及埋藏深度进行了关联分析。在受污染的土壤岩芯中，检测到大量古菌（Archaea），其中以产甲烷微菌纲（Methanomicrobia）和产甲烷杆菌纲（Methanobacteria）为优势类群，同时发现产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌与细菌间存在复杂的互养关系。不同微生物科类群在不同类型的LNAPL基质中呈现富集特征。研究结果显示，在所调查的土壤岩芯中，污染程度更高的深层区域存在产甲烷环境或缺氧环境。该污染物已发生高度风化，大概率生成了难降解的极性化合物。本研究针对一处遗留石油场地中潜水面上下的完整土壤深度剖面，对与LNAPL密切相关的微生物进行了深入解析，该场地正经历NSZD过程。本研究推动了将微生物群落效应纳入生物修复研究的潜力，同时为理解不同石油来源的LNAPL组分的物理化学分配过程提供了新的理论支撑与应用思路。实验流程：提取基因组DNA并制备16S扩增子（16S amplicons）。