Plant-pollinator interactions in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems

Pollinators are fundamental for plant reproduction in natural and agricultural ecosystems. However, their populations are declining worldwide, threatening the functioning of the ecosystem service they provide. The factors driving this change are manifold, but land use changes and interspecific transmission of pathogens between managed and wild bees are prominent. In this context, most research efforts have focused on specific taxa and rarely at the community level, limiting our ability to fully understand the effects of global change on the functioning of plant-pollinator interactions in ecosystems.
Here, we investigate the impact of human activities (beekeeping and land use intensity) on the spread of an emergent pathogen (Vairimorpha ceranae) in Mediterranean wild bee communities inhabiting landscapes with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance. Plant-pollinator interactions were sampled in nine one-hectare plots along a gradient of land use (urban structures, croplands and natur..., , , # Plant-pollinator interactions in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems

Data on the manuscript \"Contrasting effects of beekeeping and land use on plant-pollinator networks and pathogen prevalence in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems\" (. Data on collected bees and plant-pollinator interactions, matrices of inteteractions between plants and bees in the study plots, prevalence of Vairimorpha ceranae and collected variables (densities of honey bees and wild bees, number of flowering plant species, etc).

## Description of the data and file structure

Table S1. It shows the information on the sampled bee individuals, the plants where they were foraging and the sampling date and location

Table S2. It includes the matrices of interactions between bees and plants per study plot. Data derived from Table S1.

Table S3. Prevalence of *Vairimorpha ceranae* in the collected bees (i.e. number of bees with the pathogen/total bees collected) per sampled plot. Prevalence of V. ceranae in the plants vis...

传粉者（Pollinators）对于自然与农业生态系统中的植物繁殖至关重要。然而，全球范围内其种群数量呈下降趋势，威胁其提供的生态系统服务的正常运转。驱动这一变化的因素复杂多样，其中土地利用变化以及人工饲养蜜蜂（managed bees）与野生蜜蜂间的病原体跨种传播最为显著。在此背景下，绝大多数研究均聚焦于特定类群，极少开展群落层面的相关研究，这极大限制了我们全面解析全球变化对生态系统内植物-传粉者互作功能影响的能力。

在此研究中，我们探究了人类活动（养蜂业与土地利用强度）对栖息于不同人为干扰程度景观中的地中海野生蜂群落内一种新发病原体（emergent pathogen）——东方微孢子虫（Vairimorpha ceranae）传播过程的影响。我们沿土地利用梯度（涵盖城市建成区、农田与自然……）在9块1公顷的样地中开展了植物-传粉者互作采样工作。# 地中海半干旱生态系统中的植物-传粉者互作

本数据集源自学术论文《地中海半干旱生态系统中养蜂业与土地利用对植物-传粉者网络及病原体流行率的差异化影响》（"Contrasting effects of beekeeping and land use on plant-pollinator networks and pathogen prevalence in Mediterranean semiarid ecosystems"）（.），包含采集的蜜蜂样本数据、植物-传粉者互作数据、各研究样地内植物与蜜蜂间的互作矩阵、东方微孢子虫（Vairimorpha ceranae）的流行率数据，以及采集得到的相关变量（如西方蜜蜂（honey bees）与野生蜂的种群密度、开花植物物种数量等）。

## 数据与文件结构说明
表S1：记录了采样蜜蜂个体的相关信息、其访花的植物种类，以及采样日期与采样地点。
表S2：包含各研究样地内蜜蜂与植物间的互作矩阵，数据均提取自表S1。
表S3：统计了各采样样地中采集蜜蜂体内东方微孢子虫（Vairimorpha ceranae）的流行率（即携带病原体的蜜蜂数量与总采集蜜蜂数量的比值）。植物访花样本中V. ceranae的流行率……