泛第三极相对湿润度指数数据集（2011-2015）

在全球变暖的背景下，干旱发生的频率和强度呈增加趋势，由于干旱灾害所引发的水资源匮乏、粮食危机、生态恶化（如荒漠化）等，直接威胁到国家的粮食安全和社会经济发展，干旱灾害风险评估及应急管理的技术水平亟待提高。“一带一路”沿线区域生态环境脆弱、农业耕地集中、干旱灾害频繁，利用遥感卫星监测大区域的干旱水平及其时空变化，对于科学掌握“一带一路”地区的干旱格局、区域分异特征，及其对农业耕地的影响具有重要的科学和现实意义。相对湿润度指数为某段时间的降水量与同时段内潜在蒸散量之差再除以同时段内潜在蒸散量得到。降水量数据来自TRMM/GPM卫星降水数据降尺度，潜在蒸散量的估算采用Thornthwaite方法。详细算法请参考《气象干旱国家标准》(GB/T 20481-2017)。数据仅覆盖一带一路沿线34个关键节点区域。

Against the backdrop of global warming, the frequency and intensity of droughts are on the rise. Water shortages, food crises, ecological degradation (such as desertification) and other issues triggered by drought disasters directly threaten national food security and socio-economic development, so the technical level of drought disaster risk assessment and emergency management urgently needs to be improved. The regions along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) feature fragile ecological environments, concentrated agricultural arable land, and frequent drought disasters. Using remote sensing satellites to monitor drought levels and their spatiotemporal changes over large areas is of great scientific and practical significance for scientifically grasping the drought patterns, regional differentiation characteristics, and their impacts on agricultural arable land in the BRI regions. The Relative Moisture Index is calculated as the difference between precipitation and potential evapotranspiration over a given period, divided by the potential evapotranspiration during the same period. Precipitation data is derived from downscaled TRMM/GPM satellite precipitation products, while potential evapotranspiration is estimated using the Thornthwaite method. For detailed algorithms, please refer to the National Standard for Meteorological Drought (GB/T 20481-2017). The dataset only covers 34 key node regions along the BRI.