Data from: Strog benefits of hedgerows to bats in three European winegrowing regions.csv

Bats provide important ecosystem services as natural predators of e.g. lepidopteran pests. Thus, it is crucial to identify ways to enhance bat populations in agricultural landscapes. It has been shown that high landscape heterogeneity can benefit bat communities in arable fields. However, up to now, the relationship between bats and the surrounding landscape within a viticultural matrix has received little attention, despite moths being major pests in viticulture. Here, we investigated how bats respond to different landscape elements in three European regions: Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany), Burgenland (Austria), and Andalusia (Spain). We recorded bat activity using passive acoustic monitoring for four nights in 94 vineyards in total. Additionally, in Germany, we recorded bat activity along transects from hedgerows up to 120 m into the vineyards to describe the change in activity with hedgerow distance. Our study suggests that hedgerows should be conserved and restored as key elements to support a higher bat activity. This would also benefit other important groups of animals such as bees and birds along with the ecosystem services they provide.

蝙蝠作为鳞翅目害虫等多种农林害虫的天然捕食者，可提供至关重要的生态系统服务。因此，探寻提升农业景观中蝙蝠种群数量的可行路径至关重要。已有研究证实，较高的景观异质性可对耕地中的蝙蝠群落产生积极效益。尽管蛾类是葡萄种植产业中的主要害虫，但截至目前，在以葡萄园为景观基质的区域内，蝙蝠与周边景观的关联却鲜有研究关注。为此，本研究选取欧洲三大区域——德国莱茵兰-普法尔茨州、奥地利布尔根兰州以及西班牙安达卢西亚自治区——开展实验，探究蝙蝠对不同景观要素的响应规律。研究团队总计在94座葡萄园中开展了为期四晚的被动声学监测（passive acoustic monitoring），以此记录蝙蝠的活动强度。此外，在德国的研究样地中，团队沿树篱至葡萄园内部120米的样带记录蝙蝠活动，以分析蝙蝠活动随与树篱距离增加的变化趋势。本研究结果显示，应将树篱作为提升蝙蝠活动量的关键景观要素加以保护与修复。这一举措还将惠及蜜蜂、鸟类等其他重要动物类群，以及它们所提供的各类生态系统服务。