Factors associated with added sugar consumption of older adults from the region of Campinas-SP, Brazil

Abstract Adequate nutrition has a profound impact on older adults’ health. Therefore, special attention should be given to the dietetic intake of added sugars, which in excess is associated with poorer control of chronic diseases in this phase. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of consumption of added sugars in older adults in the Campinas-SP region, its associated factors, and its main dietary sources. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the region of Campinas-SP, with a convenience sample of 586 older individuals. Intake was obtained using two 24-hour food recalls, and values >5% of total energy consumption were considered inadequate. The contribution of the groups and foods in relation to the total content of sugars was also calculated. A critical level of p<0.05 was considered. The average intake of added sugars was higher than recommended (7.0%), and this inadequacy was observed in more than half of the sample, being table sugar and honey the main dietary sources. The prevalence of inadequate consumption was higher among women (69.8%; p=0.004) and individuals with low weight (83.7%; p=0.014), and lower in those with diabetes (47.8%; p<0.001). Results indicate that health and nutrition actions should be developed to ensure adequate sugar intake at this stage.

摘要：充足营养对老年人健康具有深远影响。因此，需格外关注添加糖的膳食摄入——过量摄入与该人群慢性病控制不佳密切相关。本研究旨在评估巴西圣保罗州坎皮纳斯（Campinas-SP）地区老年人添加糖过量摄入的流行率、相关影响因素及其主要膳食来源。本研究采用横断面研究设计，以该地区586名老年人为便利样本。通过两次24小时膳食回顾法获取膳食摄入数据，将添加糖摄入占总能量比例超过5%的情况判定为摄入不合理。同时计算各类食物组及具体食物对总糖摄入量的贡献占比。本研究设定统计学显著性水平为p<0.05。研究结果显示，受试者添加糖平均摄入量高于推荐标准（7.0%），超半数样本存在摄入不合理问题，其主要膳食来源为食糖与蜂蜜。女性（69.8%；p=0.004）及低体重人群（83.7%；p=0.014）的摄入不合理流行率更高，而糖尿病患者的该比例较低（47.8%；p<0.001）。研究结果提示，应针对该人群制定并开展健康与营养干预行动，以保障其糖摄入处于合理水平。