WxEM Wave 2

This report describes the results of a regularly distributed survey of nationwide Emergency Managers as part of The Extreme Weather and Emergency Management Survey (WxEM) series. This project aims to send surveys to Emergency Managers across the United States three to four times a year, although that frequency may change based on Emergency Manager and research needs. The Extreme Weather and Emergency Management Survey, Wave 2 (WxEM Wave 2) was designed and administered by the Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (IPPRA) at the University of Oklahoma. It is the second survey in the series (see Stormer et al. 2023 and Wanless et al. 2023 for information on WxEM). WxEM Wave 2 opened on November 7, 2022, using an online questionnaire that as of this writing has been completed by 444 Emergency Management personnel that were recruited from an IPPRA built database of Emergency Managers from across the country (see Stormer et al. 2023 and Wanless et al. 2023b for more info on recruitment). WxEM Wave 2 follows WxEM Wave 1, which was designed to recruit and gather demographic information on participants. WxEM Wave 2 focuses on how Emergency Managers use severe weather forecast information. Wave 2 measured what forecast information (location, severity, impacts, etc.) is most important to Emergency Managers and how those priorities change in time. Additionally, Wave 2 measured Emergency Manager perception on National Weather Service severe weather products and tested different kinds of messaging and visualizations of the Storm Prediction Center convective outlook forecasts. This report presents an overview of the methodology of the survey data collection, and a reproduction of the survey instrument with frequencies for the questions that elicited numeric responses.

本报告阐述了作为极端天气与应急管理调查（Extreme Weather and Emergency Management Survey, WxEM）系列项目一部分的全国范围应急管理人员（Emergency Managers）定期调查结果。本项目计划每年向全美应急管理人员发放3至4次调查问卷，具体发放频率可根据应急管理工作需求及研究需求进行调整。极端天气与应急管理调查第2轮（WxEM Wave 2）由俄克拉荷马大学公共政策研究与分析研究所（Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis, IPPRA）设计并实施，为该系列的第二项调研（有关WxEM系列的详细信息可参阅Stormer等人2023年与Wanless等人2023年的研究成果）。WxEM Wave 2于2022年11月7日正式启动，采用线上问卷形式开展。截至本报告撰写时，已有444名应急管理人员完成问卷填写，这些受访者均从IPPRA搭建的全美应急管理人员数据库中招募而来（有关招募流程的详细信息可参阅Stormer等人2023年及Wanless等人2023年b版的研究成果）。极端天气与应急管理调查第2轮接续第1轮调查开展，第1轮调查旨在招募调研对象并收集受访者的人口统计学信息。本项第2轮调查聚焦于应急管理人员对强天气预报信息的使用场景，旨在明确应急管理人员最为关注的预报信息维度（如发生位置、强度等级、影响范围等），以及此类关注优先级随时间的动态变化情况。此外，本项第2轮调查还调研了应急管理人员对美国国家气象局（National Weather Service）强天气预警产品的使用感知，并针对美国风暴预测中心（Storm Prediction Center）对流天气展望预报的各类信息呈现方式与可视化效果开展了测试。本报告对本次调研的数据收集方法进行了概述，并附调研问卷的复刻版本，同时列出了所有量化回答问题的频数统计结果。