Data for Event-, time- and activity-based prospective memory in children with high autistic traits

The dataset included indexes related to following paper, and the abstract for this paper is presented below:Background: School-age children rely on prospective memory (PM) to complete various tasks in the future. Previous research suggests children with autism spectrum disorders exhibit PM impairment, but whether PM impairment extends to children with higher autistic traits remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to compare PM performance in children with higher and lower autistic traits and to examine potentially differential associations to executive functions.Method: Forty pairs of children with higher and lower autistic traits between age 6- to 12-years old completed event-, time-, and activity-based PM tasks, and two executive function tasks (i.e., inhibition and working memory). We also collected parents-rated PM abilities using the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire for children.Results: The two groups showed similar performance in both executive function tasks, the three PM tasks and parents-reported PM in daily life. In children with lower autistic traits, performance of the time-based PM task was correlated with working memory whereas it was correlated with inhibition function in children with higher autistic traits. Moreover, children with higher autistic traits exhibited a continuous reduction of time monitoring behavior across trials, leading to worse performance in the last PM trial compared with children with lower autistic traits.Conclusion: Children with higher autistic traits showed intact executive functioning and similar PM performance as children with lower autistic traits, but they relied on different types of executive functions to complete time-based PM tasks. Moreover, children with higher autistic traits showed reduced time monitoring behavior and unstable PM performance across time.

本数据集包含与下述论文相关的索引信息，该论文的摘要如下：
背景：学龄儿童依赖前瞻记忆（Prospective Memory, PM）来完成各类未来规划任务。既往研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍儿童存在前瞻记忆损伤，但前瞻记忆损伤是否同样存在于自闭症特质水平较高的儿童中，目前尚不明确。本研究旨在对比自闭症特质水平高低不同的儿童的前瞻记忆表现，并探讨其与执行功能的潜在差异化关联。
方法：本研究招募了40对年龄介于6至12岁之间、自闭症特质水平高低不同的儿童，让他们完成基于事件、基于时间以及基于活动的三类前瞻记忆任务，以及两项执行功能任务（即抑制控制与工作记忆任务）。此外，我们还通过儿童版前瞻与回溯记忆问卷（Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire）收集了家长对儿童前瞻记忆能力的评分。
结果：两组儿童在执行功能任务、三类前瞻记忆任务以及家长日常报告的前瞻记忆能力上均表现相似。在自闭症特质水平较低的儿童中，基于时间的前瞻记忆任务表现与工作记忆呈正相关；而在自闭症特质水平较高的儿童中，该表现则与抑制控制功能相关。此外，自闭症特质水平较高的儿童在各试次中对时间监控的行为持续减少，导致其在最后一轮前瞻记忆试次中的表现相较于自闭症特质水平较低的儿童更差。
结论：自闭症特质水平较高的儿童，其执行功能完好，且前瞻记忆表现与自闭症特质水平较低的儿童相似，但他们依赖不同类型的执行功能来完成基于时间的前瞻记忆任务。此外，自闭症特质水平较高的儿童表现出时间监控行为减少，且随时间推移前瞻记忆表现更不稳定。