Vegetation Warming Experiment: Environmental conditions, Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2021

Environmental conditions measured in five warming chambers and paired ambient control plots located on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO), Utqiagvik, Alaska from 19 June - 17 September, 2021. These data were recorded in support of the Zero Power Warming (ZPW) vegetation warming experiment, a series of single season vegetation warming treatments conducted over four years from 2017-2021 (no experiment in 2020). Air temperature and humidity, infrared surface (canopy) temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture, NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), PRI (photochemical reflectance index), solar radiation and chamber venting were recorded in each chamber at 1 minute intervals. Ambient air temperature, humidity, solar radiation and uplooking PRI and NDVI were measured at a centrally located meteorology station. Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was calculated and included in the final processed data products. Data has undergone full QA/QC and is presented as 1 minute data, and hourly and daily aggregate data products. This data package includes unprocessed raw data (*.dat files), processed data (*.csv) and metadata including a full description of sensors, calculations and processing (*.csv, *.pdf). See related NGEE-Arctic "Vegetation Warming Experiment" data packages for leaf-level gas exchange and other leaf trait data; chamber, plot and landscape phenocamera images; thaw depth, and GPS locations of chambers and ambient plots. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

2021年6月19日至9月17日，于阿拉斯加州乌特恰维克（Utqiagvik，原称巴罗）的巴罗环境观测站（Barrow Environmental Observatory, BEO）内的5个增温舱及配对的野外对照样地中开展环境条件观测并采集数据。本数据为支持“零功率增温（Zero Power Warming, ZPW）植被增温实验”所采集，该实验为2017-2021年（2020年未开展实验）为期四年的单季植被增温处理系列实验。每个增温舱以1分钟为间隔记录空气温湿度、红外表面（冠层）温度、土壤温度、土壤含水量、归一化差分植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）、光化学反射指数（Photochemical Reflectance Index, PRI）、太阳辐射及舱室通风情况。中心气象站则同步监测环境空气温湿度、太阳辐射、上行PRI及NDVI。研究人员计算了水汽压亏缺（Vapor Pressure Deficit, VPD）并将其纳入最终处理后的数据产品中。本数据已完成完整的质量控制与质量保证（QA/QC），包含原始1分钟分辨率数据，以及小时级、日级聚合数据产品。本数据包包含未处理的原始数据（*.dat文件）、处理后的数据（*.csv格式），以及包含传感器参数、计算方法与处理流程完整说明的元数据（*.csv、*.pdf格式）。相关NGEE-Arctic的“植被增温实验（Vegetation Warming Experiment）”数据包还包含叶片水平气体交换与其他叶片性状数据、样舱、样地及景观物候相机图像、解冻深度数据，以及样舱与对照样地的GPS点位信息。下一代北极生态系统实验（Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic, NGEE Arctic）是一项旨在通过深化对富碳北极生态系统的预测性认知及其对气候的反馈机制，以降低地球系统模型不确定性的研究项目。该项目由美国能源部生物与环境研究办公室资助。NGEE Arctic设有两个野外研究站点：1）位于阿拉斯加州乌特恰维克（巴罗）附近北坡的巴罗环境观测站（BEO）内的北极多边形苔原沿海区域；2）阿拉斯加州诺姆以北苏华德半岛的不连续多年冻土区的多处区域。通过观测、实验以及与现有数据集的整合分析，NGEE Arctic为多尺度建模提供了增强的知识库，并助力美国能源部地球系统模型（能源极端尺度地球系统模型，Energy Exascale Earth System Model, E3SM），尤其是其陆面模型组件（E3SM陆面模型，E3SM Land Model, ELM）在全球泛北极尺度上的过程表征精度提升。