Hybrid sequence-based analysis reveals the distribution of bacterial species and genes in the oral microbiome at a high resolution

Bacteria in the oral microflora are poorly identified owing to the lack of established culture methods for them . Thus, this study aimed to use culture-free analysis techniques, including bacterial single-cell genome sequencing, to identify bacterial species and investigate gene distribution in saliva. Saliva samples from the same individual were classified as inactivated or culturable and then analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and bacterial single-cell sequencing.