Genotypic selection of multispecific hybrids obtained through crosses between commercial Passiflora edulis and wild passiflora species

Abstract The interspecific introgression of resistance genes to diseases in commercial varieties through interspecific crosses has been adopted as a strategy in breeding programs of sour passion fruit. This work aimed to evaluate 11 progenies of multispecific hybrids obtained from crosses involving seven Passiflora species, in addition to four commercial cultivars, using the REML/BLUP method. The experiment was carried out as a randomized block design with six repetitions and three plants per plot. Ten fruit traits were evaluated. The additive, multiplicative, and sum of ranks indexes were applied to determine the most appropriate selective strategy in the simultaneous increase of fruit weight, number of fruits, and yield. Plants from the 325 x VAO progeny showed a lower bacterial defoliation index and better means predicted for the traits number of fruits and productivity. The progenies 325 x LD4, PL3 x LD4, and the controls CSB-Marília and BRS-Gigante Amarelo showed plants with better-predicted means for traits related to fruit quality. The genetic gains demonstrated good prospects for the use of wild species in sour passion fruit genetic breeding.

摘要 通过种间杂交将抗病基因导入商业品种，已成为酸西番莲育种项目中的常用策略。本研究采用REML/BLUP（限制性最大似然法/最佳线性无偏预测法），对11份源自7个西番莲属（Passiflora）物种杂交组合的多特异性杂交后代，以及4个商业对照品种进行评价。试验采用随机区组设计，设置6次重复，每小区种植3株植株，共测定10项果实性状。本研究应用加性指数、乘性指数及秩和指数，以确定可同时提升单果质量、果实数量及总产量的最优选择策略。结果显示，325×VAO杂交后代的植株表现出更低的细菌性落叶指数，且在果实数量与产量性状上具备更优的预测均值；325×LD4、PL3×LD4两个杂交后代，以及对照品种CSB-马里利亚（CSB-Marília）和BRS-黄巨人（BRS-Gigante Amarelo），其植株在果实品质相关性状上均表现出更优的预测均值。本研究获得的遗传增益表明，利用野生种质资源开展酸西番莲遗传育种具备良好的应用前景。