On the use of the P300 as a tool for cognitive processing assessment in healthy aging: A review

ABSTRACT Changes in patterns of performance for the cognitive functions of memory, processing speed, and focused attention are expected in old age. Objective: The main goal of this systematic review was to analyze the use of ERP in healthy elderly in studies evaluating the P300 components. Methods: A systematic review was carried out based on recommendations for nursing research on the databases LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science. Results: 26 studies involving 940 healthy elderly were identified, most of which sought to identify and determine the influence of age on the P300. Conclusion: Although there is consensus in the literature that P300 latency is significantly longer in elderly with psychiatric disorders compared to healthy elderly, it was not possible to conclude P300 associations with gender, education and other cognitive tests.

摘要：老年阶段中，记忆、加工速度及选择性注意等认知功能的表现模式会出现预期性变化。研究目的：本次系统综述的核心目标为，分析在评估P300成分的相关研究中，事件相关电位（Event-Related Potential, ERP）在健康老年群体中的应用情况。研究方法：本研究遵循护理学研究的规范指南开展系统综述，检索数据库涵盖LILACS、PsycINFO、PubMed、SCOPUS及Web of Science。研究结果：本次综述共纳入26项研究，涉及940名健康老年受试者，其中绝大多数研究旨在明确并量化年龄对P300的影响。研究结论：尽管已有文献共识指出，相较于健康老年群体，存在精神障碍的老年群体的P300潜伏期显著更长，但目前尚无足够证据可明确P300与性别、受教育程度及其他认知测验之间的关联。