Effects of Organic Acids Supplement on Performance, Egg Traits, Blood Serum Biochemical Parameters and Gut Microflora in Female Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of acetic acid, lactic acid, and butyric acid on the production performance, egg parameters (quality and quantity traits), blood and liver serum biochemical parameters and gastrointestinal tract microorganism on female Japanese quails. A total of 640 female Japanese quails aged 35-84 days were housedfor eight treatments with four replicates. They were arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) to evaluate the effects of basal diet (BD) with a supplement of acetic acid (AA), lactic acid (LA) and butyric acid (BA). The performance parameters to study this effect are feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg traits such as egg weight, egg production, and egg mass along with specific gravity, internal quality unit (IQU), yolk and albumen indexes, and eggshell traits such as weight, thickness, and surface. It also includes blood serum biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, albumin, globulin, glucose, and gastrointestinal tract microflora (E.Coli and Salmonella). Eight dietary treatments were formulated by addition of organic acids such as BD without organic acids additive, BD with 124 mg/kg AA additive, BD with 104 mg/kg LA additive, BD with 113 mg/kg BA additive, BD with 63.5 mg/kg AA+53.5 mg/kg LA additive, BD with 63.5 mg/kg AA+57 mg/kg BA additive, BD with 53.5 mg/kg LA+57 mg/kg BA additive and BD with 41.6 mg/kg AA+35 mg/kg LA+37 mg/kg BA additive. The results showed that the diets containing BD+LA+BA+AA and BD+AA alone considerably increased feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg weight, egg production and egg mass (p<0.01). The diets containing BD+AA and BD+LA significantly affected some quality traits such as eggshell thickness, eggshell weight (p<0.01), shell surface, and IQU (p<0.05). The diets containing BD+AA and BD+LA alone increased serum cholesterol, HDL, albumin, globulin and total protein significantly (p<0.01). Moreover, the groups containing BD+AA and BD+LA significantly decreased triglyceride contents in serum (p<0.05). The results showed that the diets containing BD+LA and BD+BA significantly decreased the E.Coli and Salmonella population in the gastrointestinal tract (p<0.01). Based on the experiment, it can beinferred that LA alone, or in combination with other organic acids, improved and showed positive effects on performance and egg traits in female Japanese quail.

ABSTRACT 本研究旨在评估乙酸、乳酸、丁酸对雌性日本鹌鹑生产性能、蛋品质与数量性状、血液及肝脏血清生化参数以及胃肠道微生物群落的影响。试验共选用640只35~84日龄的雌性日本鹌鹑，设置8个处理组，每组4个重复，采用完全随机设计（completely randomized design, CRD），以基础日粮（basal diet, BD）分别添加乙酸（acetic acid, AA）、乳酸（lactic acid, LA）、丁酸（butyric acid, BA）的方案探究其作用效果。本试验考察的性能参数包括采食量（feed intake）、料重比（feed conversion ratio）、蛋重、产蛋率、蛋总质量等蛋性状，以及比重、内部品质指数（internal quality unit, IQU）、蛋黄指数、蛋清指数，还有蛋壳重量、厚度、表面积等蛋壳性状。此外还涵盖血液及肝脏血清生化参数，如胆固醇（cholesterol）、甘油三酯（triglyceride）、高密度脂蛋白（high-density lipoprotein, HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（low-density lipoprotein, LDL）、白蛋白（albumin）、球蛋白（globulin）、葡萄糖（glucose），以及胃肠道微生物菌群（大肠杆菌E.Coli、沙门氏菌Salmonella）。8个日粮处理组具体配制如下：不添加有机酸的基础日粮组（BD）、添加124 mg/kg乙酸的基础日粮组（BD+AA）、添加104 mg/kg乳酸的基础日粮组（BD+LA）、添加113 mg/kg丁酸的基础日粮组（BD+BA）、添加63.5 mg/kg乙酸+53.5 mg/kg乳酸的基础日粮组（BD+AA+LA）、添加63.5 mg/kg乙酸+57 mg/kg丁酸的基础日粮组（BD+AA+BA）、添加53.5 mg/kg乳酸+57 mg/kg丁酸的基础日粮组（BD+LA+BA），以及添加41.6 mg/kg乙酸+35 mg/kg乳酸+37 mg/kg丁酸的基础日粮组（BD+AA+LA+BA）。结果显示，添加BD+LA+BA+AA与单独添加BD+AA的日粮可显著提升采食量、料重比、蛋重、产蛋率及蛋总质量（p<0.01）。单独添加BD+AA与BD+LA的日粮可显著影响部分蛋品质性状，如蛋壳厚度、蛋壳重量（p<0.01），以及蛋壳表面积与内部品质指数（p<0.05）。单独添加BD+AA与BD+LA的日粮可显著提高血清胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白及总蛋白含量（p<0.01）；此外，该两组还可显著降低血清甘油三酯含量（p<0.05）。结果还表明，添加BD+LA与BD+BA的日粮可显著降低胃肠道内大肠杆菌与沙门氏菌的种群数量（p<0.01）。基于本试验结果可推断，单独使用乳酸，或乳酸与其他有机酸复配使用，均可改善雌性日本鹌鹑的生产性能与蛋品质性状，并展现出积极的应用效果。