Referendum study 1994

In conjunction with the referendum on Swedish membership of the European Union (EU) an election study was carried out in collaboration between Statistics Sweden and the Department of Political Science at Göteborg University. All interviews were carried out before the day of the referendum, November 13 1994. The interview included questions on how much the respondent had been taking part of EU-issues in daily papers; political interest in general and interest in the EU-issue in particular; opinion on the EU, and if there had been some changes in the opinion during the last year. For all political parties the respondent had to state if the party supported ´yes´ or ´no´ in the referendum, and furthermore the respondent had to place the parties on a scale ranging from ´very negative´ to ´very positive´ towards a Swedish membership of the European Union. Other questions dealt with how a Swedish membership of the EU should affect a number of fields; opinion on a European federal state; and opinion on referenda in general. A number of questions dealt with the respondent´s knowledge of EU; probable outcome of the Swedish and Norwegian referenda respectively, and knowledge of the actual outcome of the Finnish referendum; attitudes towards EU among the surroundings, and the importance of other people´s attitudes and arguing for one´s own attitude; and how one plans to vote in the referendum. Besides the EU-specific questions the interview included questions on attitudes toward the various political parties; opinion on a number of topical questions; confidence in Swedish politicians; type of society one ought to go in for in the future; activities to influence political decisions; and own experiences of the tightening Swedish labour market. There are also information about education, occupation, trade union affiliation, marital status, and knowledge of languages. After the referendum the respondent had to answer a mail questionnaire, including questions on actual vote; when one decided how to vote; if one had been watching the concluding TV debate; and if the attitude towards a Swedish membership had been altered during the campaign. Purpose: Explain why people vote as they do and why an election ends in a particular way. Track and follow trends in the Swedish electoral democracy and make comparisons with other countries.本数据集与瑞典加入欧洲联盟（European Union，以下简称欧盟）的全民公投相关，由瑞典统计局（Statistics Sweden）与哥德堡大学（Göteborg University）政治学系合作开展选举研究。所有访谈均于1994年11月13日公投日前完成。 本次访谈涵盖多类问题：包括受访者接触欧盟议题的日常报刊阅读情况、总体政治兴趣及对欧盟议题的专项兴趣、对欧盟的态度，以及过去一年间该态度是否发生变化；针对各政党，受访者需说明该党在本次公投中支持“支持”还是“反对”瑞典加入欧盟，同时需将各政党置于从“极负面”至“极正面”的瑞典欧盟入盟态度量表中进行定位。其他问题涉及瑞典欧盟入盟对若干领域的影响预期、对欧洲联邦制国家的看法、对全民公投的总体态度；另有若干问题考察受访者的欧盟相关知识、瑞典与挪威公投的预期结果、芬兰公投的实际结果相关知识、周边人群对欧盟的态度、他人态度与观点说服对自身态度的重要性，以及本次公投的投票意向。 除欧盟专项问题外，访谈还涵盖对各政党的态度、若干时事议题看法、对瑞典政客的信任度、未来理想社会形态、影响政治决策的参与行为，以及个人对瑞典劳动力市场收紧的经历感知。此外还收集了受访者的教育背景、职业、工会隶属关系、婚姻状况及语言能力相关信息。 公投结束后，受访者需填写邮寄问卷，内容包括实际投票情况、确定投票意向的时间、是否收看公投最终电视辩论、公投竞选期间对瑞典欧盟入盟的态度是否发生变化。 本研究的目的为：阐释民众的投票动因与选举结果的形成逻辑，追踪瑞典选举民主的发展趋势，并与其他国家开展对比研究。