Supplementary_Material_WEF_Karst

This repository contains the complete supplementary materials, data, and optimization code for the research article "Techno-Economic Optimization of Water-Energy-Food System Integration in Karst Regions: Excess Hydropower Utilization for Smart Agricultural Irrigation" by Shali Wang and Shuangshuang Fan. The study addresses the structural paradox of seasonal hydropower surplus coexisting with agricultural water scarcity in karst regions of Southwest China. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to optimize a distributed Water-Energy-Food nexus system integrating photovoltaics, excess hydropower utilization, and smart irrigation, incorporating karst-specific geological constraints including leakage coefficients and carrying capacity limits. The repository includes: Full mathematical formulation of the MILP model with all constraints Comprehensive input parameters (economic, technical, environmental, and geological data for Bijie, Guizhou Province) Supplementary results including hourly dispatch schedules, sensitivity coefficients, and cross-validation against HOMER Pro and GenX Complete nomenclature of symbols and units Python implementation of the optimization model with Pyomo and Gurobi Time-series input data (2000-2023) for solar irradiance, temperature, excess hydropower availability, and irrigation demand The optimized system achieves 65% excess hydropower utilization, reduces levelized cost of water by 35% compared to diesel irrigation, and decreases lifecycle carbon emissions by 45-75%. This work provides a replicable engineering paradigm for distributed renewable energy applications in ecologically fragile karst regions globally. All data and code are freely available for research purposes under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. For questions or collaboration inquiries, please contact the corresponding author.