BES Household Telephone Survey, 2003, Environmental Behaviors

The BES Household Survey 2003 is a telephone survey of metropolitan Baltimore residents consisting of 29 questions. The survey research firm, Hollander, Cohen, and McBride conducted the survey, asking respondents questions about their outdoor recreation activities, watershed knowledge, environmental behavior, neighborhood characteristics and quality of life, lawn maintenance, satisfaction with life, neighborhood, and the environment, and demographic information. The data from each respondent is also associated with a PRIZM(r) classification, census block group, and latitude-longitude. PRIZM(r) classifications categorize the American population using Census data, market research surveys, public opinion polls, and point-of-purchase receipts. The PRIZM(r) classification is spatially explicit allowing the survey data to be viewed and analyzed spatially and allowing specific neighborhood types to be identified and compared based on the survey data. The census block group and latitude-longitude data also allow us additional methods of presenting and analyzing the data spatially. The household survey is part of the core data collection of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study to classify and characterize social and ecological dimensions of neighborhoods (patches) over time and across space. This survey is linked to other core data including US Census data, remotely-sensed data, and field data collection, including the BES DemSoc Field Observation Survey. The BES 2003 telephone survey was conducted by Hollander, Cohen, and McBride from September 1-30, 2003. The sample was obtained from the professional sampling firm Claritas, in order that their "PRIZM" encoding would be appended to each piece of sample (telephone number) supplied. Mailing addresses were also obtained so that a postcard could be sent in advance of interviewers calling. The postcard briefly informed potential respondents about the survey, who was conducting it, and that they might receive a phone call in the next few weeks. A stratified sampling method was used to obtain between 50 - 150 respondents in each of the 15 main PRIZM classifications. This allows direct comparison of PRIZM classifications. Analysis of the data for the general metropolitan Baltimore area must be weighted to match the population proportions normally found in the region. They obtained a total of 9000 telephone numbers in the sample. All 9,000 numbers were dialed but contact was only made on 4,880. 1508 completed an interview, 2524 refused immediately, 147 broke off/incomplete, 84 respondents had moved and were no longer in the correct location, and a qualified respondent was not available on 617 calls. This resulted in a response rate of 36.1% compared with a response rate of 28.2% in 2000. The CATI software (Computer Assisted Terminal Interviewing) randomized the random sample supplied, and was programmed for at least 3 attempted callbacks per number, with emphasis on pulling available callback sample prior to accessing uncalled numbers. Calling was conducted only during evening and weekend hours, when most head of households are home. The use of CATI facilitated stratified sampling on PRIZM classifications, centralized data collection, standardized interviewer training, and reduced the overall cost of primary data collection. Additionally, to reduce respondent burden, the questionnaire was revised to be concise, easy to understand, minimize the use of open-ended responses, and require an average of 15 minutes to complete. The household survey is part of the core data collection of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study to classify and characterize social and ecological dimensions of neighborhoods (patches) over time and across space. This survey is linked to other core data, including US Census data, remotely-sensed data, and field data collection, including the BES DemSoc Field Observation Survey. Additional documentation of this database is attached to this metadata and includes 4 documents, 1) the telephone survey, 2) documentation of the telephone survey, 3) metadata for the telephone survey, and 4) a description of the attribute data in the BES survey 2003 survey.This database was created by joining the GDT geographic database of US Census Block Group geographies for the Baltimore Metropolitan Statisticsal Area (MSA), with the Claritas PRIZM database, 2003, of unique classifications of each Census Block Group, and the unique PRIZM code for each respondent from the BES Household Telephone Survey, 2003. The GDT database is preferred and used because of its higher spatial accuracy than other databases describing US Census geographies, including those provided by the US Census. This database includes data only for environmental behaviors: How likely would you be to take part in the following efforts to improve and maintain the quality of the watersheds near where you live, very unlikely, somewhat unlikely, somewhat likely, very likely? a) pay increased recreation or other usage fees, b) support a modest (small) tax increase to be used for water quality issues, c) support legislation to require all developments be set back from streams and flood plains, and d) volunteer to work on cleanup and/or pollution patrols."The response is the percentage of respondents in that Prizm class who score "somewhat likely" or "very likely" on an index across all four of the environmental behavior questions. This is part of a collection of 221 Baltimore Ecosystem Study metadata records that point to a geodatabase. The geodatabase is available online and is considerably large. Upon request, and under certain arrangements, it can be shipped on media, such as a usb hard drive. The geodatabase is roughly 51.4 Gb in size, consisting of 4,914 files in 160 folders. Although this metadata record and the others like it are not rich with attributes, it is nonetheless made available because the data that it represents could be indeed useful.

2003年巴尔的摩生态系统研究（Baltimore Ecosystem Study, BES）家庭调查是一项针对巴尔的摩都会区居民的电话调查，共包含29道问题。本次调查由调研公司Hollander, Cohen, and McBride执行，向受访者询问了户外休闲活动、流域认知、环境行为、社区特征与生活质量、草坪养护、对生活、社区及环境的满意度，以及人口统计信息等内容。每位受访者的数据均关联了PRIZM分类（PRIZM(r)）、普查区块组（census block group）以及经纬度坐标。PRIZM分类是利用美国人口普查数据、市场调研问卷、民意调查及购物点收据对美国人口进行分类的体系，具备空间显式性，可实现调查数据的空间可视化与分析，同时能基于调查数据识别并对比特定社区类型；普查区块组与经纬度数据也为调查数据提供了更多空间呈现与分析手段。该项家庭调查是巴尔的摩生态系统研究核心数据采集工作的组成部分，旨在对不同时空维度下社区（斑块，patches）的社会与生态维度进行分类与特征刻画，且与美国人口普查数据、遥感数据（remotely-sensed data）及包含BES DemSoc实地观测调查在内的实地采集数据等核心数据集相关联。2003年BES电话调查由Hollander, Cohen, and McBride于2003年9月1日至30日开展，样本由专业抽样公司克拉丽塔（Claritas）提供，以便将其“PRIZM”编码附加至每份样本（电话号码）中。调研团队同时获取了邮寄地址，以便在访员致电前向潜在受访者寄送预通知明信片，简要告知本次调查的相关信息、执行主体及未来数周内可能接到电话访谈的提示。研究采用分层抽样方法，确保15个主要PRIZM分类中每个分类的受访者数量介于50至150之间，这使得不同PRIZM分类之间可直接进行对比。针对巴尔的摩都会区整体的数据分析需进行加权处理，以匹配该区域常规的人口比例。本次调研共获取9000个电话号码，对全部9000个号码进行了拨号，但仅成功联系到4880位潜在受访者：其中1508人完成完整访谈，2524人当场拒绝参与，147人中途中断或未完成访谈，84名受访者已搬迁至错误地址，另有617次呼叫未能联系到符合条件的受访者。最终有效应答率为36.1%，相较于2000年的28.2%有所提升。计算机辅助电话访谈（Computer Assisted Terminal Interviewing, CATI）软件对提供的随机样本进行了随机化处理，并设置每个号码至少尝试3次回拨的程序，优先调用可回拨的样本号码，再访问未拨打过的号码。呼叫仅在晚间及周末时段进行，此时多数户主在家。CATI软件的使用助力了基于PRIZM分类的分层抽样、集中化数据采集、标准化访员培训，并降低了原始数据采集的整体成本。此外，为减轻受访者负担，问卷被修订得简洁易懂，尽量减少开放式问题，平均完成时长约为15分钟。本数据库的额外文档随本元数据一同附带，共包含4份文件：1）电话调查问卷；2）电话调查实施文档；3）电话调查元数据；4）2003年BES调查的属性数据说明。本数据库通过将巴尔的摩都会统计区（Metropolitan Statistical Area, MSA）的美国普查区块组地理GDT数据库，与2003年克拉丽塔PRIZM数据库（为每个普查区块组赋予唯一分类）以及2003年BES家庭电话调查中每位受访者的唯一PRIZM编码进行关联构建而成。相较于其他描述美国普查地理的数据库（包括美国人口普查局提供的数据库），GDT数据库因其更高的空间精度而被优先采用。本数据库仅包含环境行为相关数据：“您参与以下改善和维护居住地附近流域质量的行动的可能性如何？选项包括：极不可能、不太可能、比较可能、极有可能。a）缴纳更高的休闲或其他使用费用；b）支持用于水质问题的小幅增税；c）支持立法要求所有开发项目远离溪流与洪泛区；d）志愿参与清理工作和/或污染巡查。”受访者的响应结果为某一PRIZM分类中，在全部4道环境行为问题上选择“比较可能”或“极有可能”的受访者占该分类的百分比，该结果基于一项综合指数得出。本元数据记录属于指向地理数据库（geodatabase）的221条巴尔的摩生态系统研究元数据记录之一。该地理数据库可在线获取，体量较大；经申请并达成特定安排后，可通过USB硬盘等介质寄送。该地理数据库总容量约为51.4GB，包含160个文件夹下的4914个文件。尽管本元数据记录及其他同类记录的属性信息并不丰富，但仍予以公开，因其所代表的数据确实具备应用价值。