MouseLight Neuron AA0707

A vast neural tracing effort by a team of Janelia scientists has upped the number of fully-traced neurons in the mouse brain by a factor of 10. Researchers can now download and browse the data in three dimensions. <br>Inside the mouse brain, individual neurons zigzag across hemispheres, embroider branching patterns and, researchers have now discovered, can even spool out spindly fibers up to 45 centimeters long.<br>Scientists can see and explore these wandering neural traces in 3-D in the most detailed map of mouse brain wiring yet created. The map reconstructs the shape and position of more than 300 of the 70 million neurons in the mouse brain. Previous efforts to trace the path of individual neurons had topped out in the dozens. <br>The selectively-labeled neurons were mapped in an iterative process with two-photon microscopy. The brain is sliced in 200-micron sections and a few dozen neurons are labeled at a time and imaged. Each brain imaged yields about 50 terabytes of data, each containing mapped neurons which can be browsed via the NeuronBrowser application. Researchers interested in the complete raw data set should contact Janelia to discuss obtaining it via hardware transfer.

贾努利亚（Janelia）科研团队开展的大规模神经追踪研究，将小鼠大脑中已完整追踪的神经元数量提升了10倍。如今研究人员可下载并以三维形式浏览该数据集。
在小鼠大脑中，单个神经元可在大脑半球间蜿蜒穿行，铺展出如刺绣般精致的分支形态；研究人员此次更发现，它们甚至能延伸出长达45厘米的纤细纤维。
科学家们可通过这一迄今最精细的小鼠大脑连接组图谱，以三维形式观察并探索这些蜿蜒的神经纤维轨迹。该图谱重建了小鼠大脑7000万个神经元中超过300个的形态与位置，而此前的神经元路径追踪研究仅能完成数十个神经元的追踪。
此次研究采用双光子显微镜（two-photon microscopy），通过迭代流程对选择性标记的神经元进行成像。研究人员将大脑切成200微米厚的切片，每次对数十个神经元进行标记并成像。每一个成像的大脑可产生约50太字节的数据，其中包含可通过神经元浏览器（NeuronBrowser）应用程序浏览的已追踪神经元。若研究人员希望获取完整的原始数据集，可联系贾努利亚洽谈通过硬件移交的方式获取数据。