Evaluation of corneal tomography in children and adolescents without ocular or systemic allergy

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine normal corneal tomographic parameters in children and adolescents without corneal disease or atopy diagnosis. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study evaluated patients aged 8-16 years who underwent a complete slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and tomographic corneal evaluation by a dual Scheimpflug analyzer, excluding those with ocular disease (including allergic conjunctivitis) or a positive prick test for systemic atopies. Results: A total of 170 patients were evaluated, and 34 patients (68 eyes) were analyzed once the exclusion criteria were applied. The sample’s mean age was 10.76 ± 2.31 years; with 19 (55.9%) men and 15 (44.1%) women. The mean keratometry in the flat meridian (Kflat), steep meridian (Ksteep), and maximum (Kmax) were 42.37 ± 1.63D, 43.53 ± 1.65D, and 43.90 ± 1.73D, respectively. The mean values for corneal asphericity (ε2) and thinnest point were 0.28 ± 0.11 and 550.20 ± 37.90 μm, respectively. The inferior-superior asymmetry ratio (I-S) and coma were 0.74 ±0.59D and 0.28 ± 0.12D, respectively. Conclusion: The knowledge of normal corneal tomographic parameters and their variation in children and adolescents without corneal disease or atopy may be useful for diagnosing keratoconus and initiating early disease treatment.

摘要
目的：本研究旨在明确无角膜疾病或特应性疾病诊断的儿童及青少年的正常角膜断层成像参数。
方法：本描述性横断面研究纳入8~16岁的受试者，对其完成全面裂隙灯生物显微镜检查，并采用双Scheimpflug分析仪完成角膜断层成像评估；排除存在眼部疾病（含过敏性结膜炎）或全身特应性点刺试验阳性的受试者。
结果：本研究共评估170例受试者，经排除标准筛选后，最终纳入34例患者（共计68只眼）进行分析。样本平均年龄为10.76±2.31岁，其中男性19例，占比55.9%，女性15例，占比44.1%。平坦子午线平均角膜曲率（Kflat）、陡子午线平均角膜曲率（Ksteep）及最大角膜曲率（Kmax）分别为42.37±1.63D、43.53±1.65D及43.90±1.73D。角膜非球面性（ε2）及角膜最薄点厚度的均值分别为0.28±0.11与550.20±37.90μm。下方-上方不对称比值（I-S）及彗差的均值分别为0.74±0.59D与0.28±0.12D。
结论：掌握无角膜疾病及特应性疾病的儿童与青少年的正常角膜断层成像参数及其变异特征，可为圆锥角膜的诊断及早期启动疾病治疗提供重要参考依据。