Plan for the prevention of natural hazards of Annecy-le-Vieux (Haute-Savoie) — approved on 23/12/2013

The COVADIS data standard for risk prevention plans includes all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of geographical data represented in the risk prevention plans (RPPs). The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure. The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether natural, technological or multi-hazard, risk prevention plans have similarities. They contain three categories of information: • Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area. • The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan. • The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps. These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to process the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT) This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards. The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.COVADIS风险预防计划数据标准涵盖了风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，缩写RPPs）中所涉及地理数据的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。该标准覆盖的主要风险包含本国领土内可预见的八大自然灾害与四大技术灾害：前者包括洪水、地震、火山喷发、地形位移、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；后者涵盖核风险、工业风险、危险材料运输风险以及溃坝风险。 风险预防计划（PPR）由1995年2月2日《加强环境保护法案》确立。PPR工具则隶属于1987年7月22日颁布的《民用安全组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法》。风险预防计划的编制工作由国家负责，最终由省长审批决定。 无论针对自然风险、技术风险还是多风险类型，各类风险预防计划均存在共通之处，它们均包含三大类信息： • 管控区划图：将风险覆盖的领土范围进行地理划定，明确特定法规适用的区域。此类法规为地役权约束，并根据区域面临的灾害等级设定差异化要求。上述区划将在全覆盖研究区域的分区规划图中予以呈现。 • 致险灾害信息：记载致险灾害的文档可嵌入汇报材料或作为附件附于风险预防计划之中，此类文档用于绘制风险预防计划所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级分布。 • 编制识别问题附图：风险预防计划编制过程中发现的各类问题，同样可通过地图形式作为附件附于获批文件之中。 不同类型PPR之间的共通性，以及提升PPR数据标准化水平的需求，促使COVADIS选择采用单一数据标准，该标准具备足够的通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划——包括自然风险预防计划（natural risk prevention plans，缩写PPRN）与技术风险预防计划（technological risk prevention plans，缩写PPRT）。 本数据标准并非对风险预防计划档案的完整建模，其适用范围仅局限于风险预防计划中的地理数据，无论此类数据是否属于管控范畴。此外，PPR标准亦无意对灾害认知进行标准化。其核心目标是构建统一的描述规范，以实现风险预防计划地理数据的同质化存储——鉴于此类数据同时受到农业、生态与可持续发展等相关政府部委内多个职业群体的关注。