Jemez River Basin Soil Solution Chemistry 2019 (New Mexico, USA)

Soil solution samples in the Jemez River Basin field sites of the Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) are collected with the following two types of soil solution samplers: i) Prenart Super Quartz suction cups (www.prenart.dk). Prenart suction cups are optimized for all chemistry analyses and were installed without addition of Si-slurry to allow for artifact-free Si analyses. Applied suction for each Prenart is ~ 60 kPa. ii) Custom made, fiberglass wick-based passive capillary wick samplers (PCaps, Perdrial et al. 2012). PCaps are optimized for water flux determination and sampling for organic carbon, most (non-carbonate) anions and trace metals. PCap samples should however not be used for major cations (Na, Mg, Si, K, Ca) and dissolved inorganic carbon because of artifacts from the fiberglass materials (see Perdrial et al (2014) for a complete list). Passive (continuous) suction, based on the length of the hanging water column, is ~3 kPa. Soil solution samplers were installed in each of six pedons in the Mixed Conifer Zero Order Basin (MC-ZOB) and the fire impacted site (2011 Burned ZOB) at 3 (PCaps) and 4 (Prenarts) depths, respectively. Pedon locations were selected to capture differences in catchment aspect (MC-ZOB SE facing: Pit 3 and 4, NW facing: Pit 1 and 6), landscape position (MC-ZOB: hollow Pit 2 and 5, planar Pit 1 and 6, divergent Pit 3, convergent Pit 4), elevation and burn severity (co-varying in 2011 Burned ZOB: low Pit 1 and 2, mid Pit 3, high Pit 4 to 6). Three new pedons were instrumented in the Unburned Mixed Conifer Site located in the San Antonio Mountain close to the Sulfur Spring in Fall 2015. These pedons are positioned 20 m from the flux tower US-Vcs. All samplers are collocated with Decagon soil moisture and temperature probes. MC-ZOB was subject to a high intensity wildfire (Thompson Ridge fire) in June 2013 and was then renamed to 2013 Burned ZOB.

卡特琳娜-赫梅斯临界带观测站（Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory, CZO）赫梅斯河流域野外站点的土壤溶液样品，采用以下两类土壤溶液采样器进行采集：
1. 普纳特超石英吸力杯（Prenart Super Quartz suction cups，www.prenart.dk）。该类吸力杯针对全化学分析优化，安装时未添加硅基浆料，以实现无人工干扰的硅元素分析。每台普纳特采样器的施加吸力约为60 kPa。
2. 定制型玻璃纤维灯芯式被动毛细采样器（PCaps, Perdrial et al. 2012）。PCaps针对水通量测定、有机碳、多数（非碳酸盐）阴离子及痕量金属的采样进行了优化。但由于玻璃纤维材料会引入人工干扰，PCap采集的样品不可用于测定主要阳离子（钠、镁、硅、钾、钙）与溶解性无机碳，完整干扰清单详见Perdrial等人2014年的研究。该类采样器依靠悬挂水柱长度提供被动（连续）吸力，吸力值约为3 kPa。

土壤溶液采样器被布设至混合针叶林零级流域（MC-ZOB）与2011年火烧零级流域的6个土壤剖面中，分别在3个（PCaps）和4个（普纳特采样器）深度层级安装。

土壤剖面点位的选取旨在覆盖流域坡向差异（MC-ZOB：东南向坡位对应采样坑3、4，西北向坡位对应采样坑1、6）、景观位置差异（MC-ZOB：洼地采样坑2、5，平坦坡面采样坑1、6，发散型坡面采样坑3，汇聚型坡面采样坑4），以及海拔与火烧烈度差异（2011年火烧零级流域的火烧烈度呈梯度变化：低烈度对应采样坑1、2，中烈度对应采样坑3，高烈度对应采样坑4至6）。

2015年秋季，研究人员在硫磺泉附近圣安东尼奥山的未火烧混合针叶林站点增设了3个新的土壤剖面。这些剖面距离通量塔US-Vcs仅20米。所有采样器均与Decagon土壤水分及温度探头配套布设。

MC-ZOB曾在2013年6月遭遇高强度野火（汤普森岭火灾），随后更名为2013年火烧零级流域。