Z+F Imager 5016 Distance Uncertainty

This dataset presents a comparative analysis between a high accurate reference point cloud acquired using the Leica ATR 960 (Laser tracker) and Leica LAS XL (Hand-held scanner), and a total of 51 laser scans point clouds using Z+F Imager 5016. The comparisons were carried out at the Hitec Laboratory of the Geodetic Institute Hannover, where controlled scanning conditions were maintained while capturing various objects. Throughout the entire measurement process, great care was taken to ensure constant temperature and air pressure. The deviations observed through backward modeling are reflected in the distance measurements. Additionally, to explore potential factors influencing TLS distance measurements, feature engineering was conducted. The dataset is exceptionally well-suited for understanding and potentially modeling the uncertainties associated with TLS distance measurements. # Measurement process and backward modelling  # Feature engineering The formulas used for feature engineering are displayed in the following document: [Feature engineering](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/8d23b9f1-3b70-498f-b3e7-59d12b9e73f5/download/feature-engineering.pdf) # Object describtion & Viewpoints The definitions of individual objects can be extracted from the following figures. It can be observed that some objects exhibit similar characteristics.  The TLS viewpoints were distributed throughout the entire space of the laboratory. The 3D coordinates of the viewpoints as well as the corresponding standard deviations of the translation parameters, derived from the georeferencing process are given in document. [Viewpoint overview](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/75defd9e-8a9a-48c5-adf6-3ad5e7f40917/download/info_scan_positions.txt) Moreover, it should be mentioned that some TLS viewpoints have duplicate scans taken in the first and second phase.  # Data set description Each object in the dataset has its own individual data stored as a PLY file. These PLY files contain not only the XYZ coordinates but also the features and residuals. A comprehensive description of the dataset can be found in the associated documentation. [Data description](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/38a71f58-bc3a-4de7-8b0d-74947597a879/download/data.pdf)本数据集针对两类高精度参考点云与共计51组采用Z+F Imager 5016获取的激光扫描点云开展对比分析，其中参考点云分别通过徕卡ATR 960激光跟踪仪与徕卡LAS XL手持扫描仪采集。所有对比实验均在汉诺威大地测量研究所Hitec实验室完成，扫描过程中严格维持受控的环境采集条件。 在整个测量流程中，实验团队全程严格管控温度与大气压强，通过逆向建模得到的偏差结果将体现在距离测量数据中。此外，为探究影响地面激光扫描（Terrestrial Laser Scanning, TLS）距离测量的潜在影响因素，本数据集开展了特征工程工作。 本数据集非常适用于理解并建模地面激光扫描距离测量相关的不确定性问题。 # 测量流程与逆向建模  # 特征工程 本次特征工程所使用的公式详见下述文档：[特征工程说明](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/8d23b9f1-3b70-498f-b3e7-59d12b9e73f5/download/feature-engineering.pdf) # 目标描述与扫描视点 各实验目标的定义可从下述图集中提取，可观察到部分目标具备相似的特征。  地面激光扫描的扫描视点分布于实验室的全部空间范围内。扫描视点的三维坐标，以及由地理配准流程导出的平移参数对应标准差，均已在配套文档中给出。[扫描视点总览](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/75defd9e-8a9a-48c5-adf6-3ad5e7f40917/download/info_scan_positions.txt) 此外需要说明的是，部分扫描视点在第一与第二扫描阶段存在重复扫描的情况。  # 数据集详情 数据集中的每个实验目标均以PLY文件格式存储独立数据，这些PLY文件不仅包含XYZ三维坐标，还集成了特征值与残差数据。本数据集的完整说明详见配套文档：[数据详情说明](https://data.uni-hannover.de/dataset/e0dd7c6c-de06-4c44-8848-e1d7f9757a1a/resource/38a71f58-bc3a-4de7-8b0d-74947597a879/download/data.pdf)