Macromitrium brevicaule Broth.
收藏Zenodo2024-06-22 更新2024-06-25 收录
下载链接:
https://zenodo.org/records/12215625
下载链接
链接失效反馈官方服务:
资源简介:
Macromitrium brevicaule (Besch.) Broth. Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien I (3): 486 (1903). Micromitrium brevicaule Besch., Annales des Sciences naturelles, botanique, sér. 5, 18: 211 (1873). — Type: New Caledonia. Balade, Vieillard 1734 (Lecto-, BM [Vitt & Ramsay 1985a]; iso-, PC[PC0096499, PC0108104]!). — Macromitrium brevicaule var. latifolium Broth. et Paris, nom. herb. — Type: New Caledonia, “Insula pinorum, cataractorum Koumania”, 1909, Le Rat s.n. (Reference specimen: PC0096523! pro parte). ILLUSTRATIONS AND DESCRIPTION. — As Macromitrium wattsii: Vitt (1983). DISTRIBUTION IN NEW CALEDONIA. — This lowland species was collected between 0-55 m a.s.l. in North Province (type locality), South Province main island and Île des Pins. TOTAL RANGE. — Australasia. SELECTED SPECIMENS. — New Caledonia. Province sud, Nouméa, Tina, 24.IX.2012, on calcareous rock in mangrove, 0 m, Thouvenot NC898, on bark in dry forest, 5 m, Larraín 35301; J.-M. Tjibaou Center, 24.IX.2012, mangrove, 0 m, Thouvenot NC900; Yaté, St Gabriel, 22.IX.2008, on Pandanus roots in coral islet, 2 m, Thouvenot NC93 (PC); Bourail, Gouaro-Deva, 25.IX.2008, on bark in riparian forest, 55 m, Thouvenot NC1121; on bark in coastal forest, 2 m, Thouvenot NC1126 (PC); Île des Pins, Kuto, 30.XII.2010, Guionnet NC505. DESCRIPTION Pseudautoicous Plant Small, dark green, creeping stems with dense short branches, (1.5-) 3-4 mm long. Branches When dry with leaves tightly spirally coiled, carinate with conspicuous white costae, erect-spreading when moist. Branch leaves Lingulate, short and wide, 1-1.4 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, L/l = c. 3, apex obtuse to slightly retuse, mucronate, costae thick, strongly prominent at back, excurrent in a mucro. Upper cells Single-layered, small, 7-8(-10) µm wide, rounded-quadrate, bulging, thick walled, with several small papillae, evenly ranked, marginal cells smoother and clearer in one rank, intermediate cells few, quadrate to oblong, very thick walled, lumina rounded to elliptic, smooth, lower cells very few, rectangular, 7-20 µm long, 7-10 µm wide, less thick walled, smooth. Fusiform gemmae Present on leaves. Perichaetial leaves Similar to the vegetative ones. Calyptrae Naked, margin laciniate. Setae short, 5 mm long, thick, straight to flexuous, vaginulae naked or nearly so. Capsules Oblong-elliptic, 2 mm long, with 8 ribs on the small rim. Peristome Single. REMARKS Macromitrium brevicaule is easily identified when propagules are seen. In addition, it may be separated from other small species with small setae and short and few basal cells by: 1) the linguiform short leaves with wide obtuse to truncate apex; 2) the smooth basal cells; 3) the naked calyptrae; and 4) its ecology: M. brevicaule grows at the lowest altitudes, often in mangrove or dry forest, in coastal saltwater environment or riparian forest. With hand lens, sterile dry plants might be confused with Macromitrium tongense which has similar short branches with tightly spirally arranged leaves, but isolated leaves have another shape and microscopical examination shows the multi-layered upper areolation and the papillose lower cells of the latter. The specimen of PC labelled Macromitrium brevicaule var. latifolium contains a large part of M. tongense and a small part of M. brevicaule. A new specimen recently collected in 2012 in Île des Pins corresponds to this plant which do not differ from the type.
短茎大帽藓(Macromitrium brevicaule (Besch.) Broth.),发表于《自然植物科属》第一卷(3):486(1903)。异名:Micromitrium brevicaule Besch.,发表于《自然科学年鉴·植物学》第5辑,18卷:211(1873)。——模式标本:新喀里多尼亚,巴拉德(Balade),维耶亚尔(Vieillard)1734号标本(后选模式标本,馆藏于大英博物馆[BM],参见Vitt & Ramsay 1985a;等后选模式标本,馆藏于法国巴黎自然历史博物馆标本馆[PC0096499、PC0108104]!)。——短茎大帽藓宽叶变种(Macromitrium brevicaule var. latifolium Broth. et Paris),为标本馆未正式发表命名。模式标本:新喀里多尼亚,"库马尼亚瀑布区松岛",1909年,勒拉(Le Rat)无号标本(参考标本:PC0096523!部分馆藏)。
插图与形态描述——参照瓦茨大帽藓(Macromitrium wattsii):Vitt(1983)。
新喀里多尼亚分布:该低地物种采集于北部省(模式产地)、主岛南部省及松树岛(Île des Pins)海拔0-55米区域。
总分布区:澳大拉西亚。
精选标本:新喀里多尼亚。南部省,努美阿(Nouméa),蒂纳(Tina),2012年9月24日,生于红树林钙质岩上,海拔0米,Thouvenot NC898;生于干旱森林树皮上,海拔5米,Larraín 35301;吉巴乌文化中心(J.-M. Tjibaou Center),2012年9月24日,红树林生境,海拔0米,Thouvenot NC900;亚泰(Yaté),圣加布里埃尔(St Gabriel),2008年9月22日,生于珊瑚岛露兜树(Pandanus)根部,海拔2米,Thouvenot NC93(馆藏于PC);布凯莱(Bourail),瓜罗-德瓦(Gouaro-Deva),2008年9月25日,生于河岸森林树皮上,海拔55米,Thouvenot NC1121;生于沿海森林树皮上,海拔2米,Thouvenot NC1126(馆藏于PC);松树岛(Île des Pins),库托(Kuto),2010年12月30日,Guionnet NC505。
形态描述
假雌雄同株。
植物体:小型,深绿色,匍匐茎具密集短枝,枝长(1.5-)3-4毫米。
枝条:干燥时叶紧密螺旋状卷曲,具明显白色中肋的龙骨状突起,湿润时直立展开。
枝叶:舌形,短而宽,长1-1.4毫米,宽0.3-0.5毫米,叶长/叶宽约为3,先端钝至微凹,具短尖;中肋粗壮,背面强烈隆起,延伸成短尖。
上部叶细胞:单层,小型,宽7-8(-10)微米,近圆形至方形,膨大,壁厚,具数个小型疣突,排列整齐;边缘细胞1列,平滑且透明;中间细胞稀少,方形至长圆形,壁厚极厚,胞腔圆形至椭圆形,平滑;下部细胞极少,长方形,长7-20微米,宽7-10微米,壁较薄,平滑。
纺锤形芽孢:生于叶片上。
雌苞叶:与营养叶形态相似。
蒴帽:平滑无毛,边缘撕裂状。蒴柄短,长5毫米,粗壮,直立至弯曲;蒴柄基部鞘状区域无毛或近无毛。
蒴果:长圆形至椭圆形,长2毫米,小蒴口边缘具8条肋纹。
蒴齿:单层。
讨论
短茎大帽藓在观察到繁殖体时易于识别。此外,可通过以下特征与其他具短蒴柄和少量基部细胞的小型种类区分:1)舌形短叶,先端宽钝至截形;2)基部细胞平滑;3)蒴帽无毛;4)生境偏好:该种分布于最低海拔区域,常生于红树林或干旱森林、沿海咸水环境或河岸森林。
使用手持放大镜观察时,干燥的不育植物体可能与汤加大帽藓(Macromitrium tongense)混淆,后者具相似的短枝和紧密螺旋排列的叶片,但分离的叶片形状不同,显微镜下可见后者上部叶细胞多层、下部叶细胞具疣突。
馆藏于PC的标注为短茎大帽藓宽叶变种的标本,大部分为汤加大帽藓,仅小部分为短茎大帽藓。2012年在松树岛新采集的标本与该类群一致,与模式标本无差异。
提供机构:
Thouvenot, Louis创建时间:
2024-06-22



