黑河综合遥感联合试验：临泽站加密观测区L&K波段机载微波辐射计地面同步观测数据集（2008年5月25日）

2008年5月25日在临泽站加密观测区荒漠东西样带、荒漠南北样带和五里墩农田样方开展L&K波段机载微波辐射计地面同步观测，共进行了土壤水分，地表辐射温度和多角度反射率观测。
1．土壤水分观测；观测目标：0-5cm表层土壤。观测仪器：环刀（体积50cm^3），ML2X土壤水分速测仪。观测样方和采样次数：荒漠东西样带（包含40个子样方，每个子样方角点环刀各1次采样）、荒漠南北样带（包含9个子样方，每个子样方内环刀3次采样），农田样方中9个小样方中点采样，中心的5号样方加密，4个角点也测量（每个测点环刀1次采样，ML2X土壤水分速测仪1次观测）。预处理数据为土壤体积含水量。数据存储：Excel。
2．地表辐射温度观测；观测仪器：手持式红外温度计（寒旱所5#，寒旱所6#，地理所）；仪器均经过定标（请参考手持红外温度计定标数据.xls）。观测样方和观测次数：荒漠东西和南北样带内，在飞机过境时刻每个小样方采样数次； 五里墩农田样方在飞机过境时刻自东向西每间隔15米采样2次。预处理数据根据热红外定标数据（标准源为黑体），将各仪器的实测温度与相应黑体温度进行直线拟合，求得拟合方程，再利用上述拟合的方程，对观测的原始观测数据进行定标处理。数据存储：Excel。
3．BRDF观测；观测仪器：北师大ASD光谱仪，350～2 500 nm；参考板信息6月15日前使用40%参考板，之后改换成20%参考板；多角度观测架包括北京师范大学旧多角度观测架一台、北师大2008年新制多角度观测架一台、遥感所新制多角度观测架一台。观测样方：五里墩农田样方。样本类型：玉米。存储方式： 本数据集包括原始数据和处理后数据，原始数据由二进制文件和记录表构成，二进制文件可由ViewSpecPro软件读取；处理后的反射率和透射率是文本格式。
样方样带的分布和编号信息请参见元数据“黑河综合遥感联合试验：临泽站加密观测区样方样带布置”，样方位置见临泽站加密观测站样方样带坐标.xls。

On May 25, 2008, synchronous ground-based observations using L- and K-band airborne microwave radiometers were conducted at the east-west desert transect, north-south desert transect, and Wulidun farm quadrat in the intensive observation area of Linze Station. Three types of observations were carried out in total: soil moisture, surface radiative temperature, and multi-angle reflectance.

1. Soil Moisture Observation
Observation target: 0-5 cm topsoil.
Observation instruments: Cutting ring (volume 50 cm³), ML2X soil moisture rapid tester.
Observation quadrats and sampling times:
- East-west desert transect: 40 sub-quadrats, with one cutting ring sampling at each corner of each sub-quadrat;
- North-south desert transect: 9 sub-quadrats, with 3 cutting ring samplings within each sub-quadrat;
- Wulidun farm quadrat: Sampling was conducted at the center of 9 small sub-quadrats. The central No.5 sub-quadrat was intensively observed, with additional measurements at its four corners (one cutting ring sampling and one ML2X soil moisture rapid tester measurement at each measuring point).
Preprocessed data: Soil volumetric water content. Data storage format: Excel.

2. Surface Radiative Temperature Observation
Observation instruments: Handheld infrared thermometers (No.5 and No.6 from Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, and one from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research). All instruments were calibrated (please refer to "Calibration Data of Handheld Infrared Thermometer.xls").
Observation quadrats and sampling times:
- Within the east-west and north-south desert transects: Multiple samplings were conducted at each sub-quadrat at the time of aircraft overflight;
- Wulidun farm quadrat: Two samplings were conducted at 15-meter intervals from east to west at the time of aircraft overflight.
Preprocessing method: Based on thermal infrared calibration data (with a black body as the standard source), a linear fitting was performed between the measured temperatures of each instrument and the corresponding black body temperatures to obtain the fitting equation. The original observed data were then calibrated using this equation. Data storage format: Excel.

3. BRDF Observation
Observation instrument: ASD spectroradiometer (350~2500 nm, from Beijing Normal University).
Reference panel information: 40% reference panel was used before June 15, and replaced with 20% reference panel afterwards.
Multi-angle observation frames: One old multi-angle observation frame from Beijing Normal University, one newly manufactured multi-angle observation frame from Beijing Normal University in 2008, and one newly manufactured multi-angle observation frame from Institute of Remote Sensing.
Observation quadrat: Wulidun farm quadrat.
Sample type: Maize.
Storage method: This dataset includes raw data and processed data. Raw data consists of binary files and log sheets, which can be read by ViewSpecPro software. Processed reflectance and transmittance data are in text format.

The distribution and numbering information of quadrats and transects can be found in the metadata "Heihe Comprehensive Remote Sensing Joint Experiment: Layout of Quadrat Transects in Intensive Observation Area of Linze Station". The coordinates of the quadrats are provided in "Linze Station Intensive Observation Station Quadrat Transect Coordinates.xls".