Impact of the mHealth strategy in sodium consumption markers: AvaliaSal Study

ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the effectiveness of mHealth strategy on sodium consumption markers. Methods Intervention study carried out with 175 adults (20-59 years), from an educational institution of Vitória, Espírito Santo State. Participants were made aware through posters, oral approach and electronic media. Anthropometric, hemodynamic, socioeconomic, health, and dietary practices data was collected in two stages. After the first assessment, participants were randomized into two groups: Intervention Group and Control Group. The Intervention Group included 21 electronic messages and 3 videos on healthy eating focusing on the goal to reduce sodium intake for 3 months. Behavioral changes were assessed using the Generalized Estimation Equation (p-value <0.05). Results At baseline, no significant differences in socioeconomic, anthropometric and health variables, and eating practices between groups were observed. The stock broth cube was the most used ready processed seasoning. After the intervention, a reduction in the use of stock broth was observed only in the intervention group (β=0.615; p=0.016). In addition, 73% of the intervention group participants reported that the messages were clear, 67% reported that they were useful, and 48% stated they followed the guidelines. Conclusion There was a reduction in the frequency of use of stock broth cubes, demonstrating the potential effect of the m-Health strategy on sodium consumption markers in individuals without a hypertension medical diagnosis.

摘要 研究目的 评估移动健康（mHealth）策略对钠摄入相关指标的干预效果。研究方法 本研究为干预性研究，招募自巴西圣埃斯皮里图州维多利亚市某教育机构的175名成年参与者（年龄20~59岁）。研究通过海报、口头宣讲及电子媒介向参与者告知研究相关事宜。研究分两阶段收集人体测量学、血流动力学、社会经济状况、健康状况及饮食行为相关数据。首次评估完成后，将参与者随机分为干预组与对照组。干预组在3个月周期内接收21条健康饮食相关电子讯息及3条视频内容，核心目标为降低钠摄入量。本研究采用广义估计方程（Generalized Estimation Equation）分析行为变化，设定显著性阈值为p<0.05。研究结果 基线状态下，两组间社会经济、人体测量学、健康相关变量及饮食行为均无显著差异。参与者最常使用的预加工即食调味料为高汤块（stock broth cube）。干预结束后，仅干预组的高汤块使用频率出现显著降低（β=0.615；p=0.016）。此外，73%的干预组参与者表示所接收的讯息清晰易懂，67%认为其具有实用性，48%称其遵循了其中的指导建议。研究结论 本研究显示干预组的高汤块使用频率有所降低，表明移动健康（mHealth）策略在无高血压病史的人群中，对钠摄入相关指标具备潜在干预效果。