Oil Industry Marine Mammal Aerial Data

This data set was collected as part of the Joint Monitoring Program during seismic activities in the Chukchi Sea in summer and fall of 2006. The objective of the aerial surveys was to update data on distribution and relative abundance of marine mammals in coastal areas of the eastern Chukchi Sea during the open-water season. Aerial surveys were conducted from Barrow to Point Hope in two ways: a sawtooth flight pattern and a coastline flight pattern. The sawtooth survey was broad-scale, reaching approximately 20 nm offshore. The coastal survey hugged the coastline, focusing on nearshore areas and lagoons. Aerial surveys were conducted in 2006 to monitor marine mammal abundance, distribution, and behavior and determine the potential effects of offshore seismic exploration activities on marine mammals. Surveys focused on beluga, bowhead, and gray whales, though other marine mammals were observed. Pinniped observations were made, but were limited due to flight altitude and speed. This dataset is part of the Pacific Marine Arctic Regional Synthesis (PacMARS) Project. This dataset contains the original CSV files, metadata files, shapefiles, and geodatabase files in ZIP files.

本数据集采集于2006年夏秋季楚科奇海海域地震活动期间的联合监测计划（Joint Monitoring Program）。本次航空调查的目标为更新楚科奇海东海岸开阔水域季节内海洋哺乳动物的分布与相对丰度数据。
航空调查覆盖巴罗（Barrow）至霍普角（Point Hope）海域，采用两种飞行模式：锯齿状飞行航线与沿海岸线飞行航线。其中锯齿状调查为大范围覆盖作业，最远可达离岸约20海里（nm）处；沿海岸线飞行航线则紧贴海岸线，重点聚焦近岸区域与潟湖。
本次2006年开展的航空调查旨在监测海洋哺乳动物的丰度、分布与行为，并评估近海地震勘探活动对海洋哺乳动物的潜在影响。调查以白鲸、弓头鲸与灰鲸为核心观测对象，同时也记录了其他海洋哺乳动物的出现情况。本次调查虽对鳍足类动物开展了观测，但受飞行高度与航速限制，观测样本量有限。
本数据集隶属于太平洋海洋北极区域综合项目（Pacific Marine Arctic Regional Synthesis, PacMARS），以ZIP压缩包形式存储，内含原始逗号分隔值（CSV）文件、元数据文件、形状文件（shapefiles）及地理数据库（geodatabase）文件。