Comparison of the genetic determinism of two key phenological traits, flowering and maturity dates, in three Prunus species: peach, apricot and sweet cherry

The present study investigates the genetic determinism of flowering and maturity dates, two traits highly affected by global climate change. Flowering and maturity dates were evaluated on five progenies from three Prunus species, peach, apricot and sweet cherry, during three to eight years. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection was performed separately for each year and also by integrating data from all years together. High heritability estimates were obtained for flowering and maturity dates. Several QTLs for flowering and maturity dates were highly stable, detected each year of evaluation, suggesting that they were not affected by climatic variations. For flowering date, major QTLs were detected on linkage groups (LG) 4 for apricot and sweet cherry and on LG6 for peach. QTLs were identified on LG2, LG3, LG4 and LG7 for the three species. For maturity date, a major QTL was detected on LG4 in the three species. Using the peach genome sequence data, candidate genes underlying the majo...

本研究聚焦于开花期与成熟期的遗传决定机制——这两个性状均受全球气候变化的显著影响。研究以桃、杏、甜樱桃3个李属（Prunus）物种的5个杂交后代群体为材料，连续3至8年对其开花期与成熟期开展表型鉴定。本研究分别针对每一年的表型数据，以及整合所有年份的数据集，完成了数量性状位点（Quantitative Trait Locus, QTL）定位分析。结果显示，开花期与成熟期均具有较高的遗传力。多个调控开花期与成熟期的QTL表现出极强的稳定性，在所有评估年份均能被检测到，表明这些位点不受气候变化的影响。针对开花期性状，杏与甜樱桃的主要调控QTL定位于第4连锁群（Linkage Group, LG4），桃的主要调控QTL则定位于第6连锁群（LG6）；三个物种的调控QTL还被定位在LG2、LG3、LG4与LG7连锁群。针对成熟期性状，三个物种的主要调控QTL均被定位于第4连锁群（LG4）。借助桃基因组序列数据，本研究还挖掘得到了调控上述主要性状的候选基因……