Análise do monitoramento da qualidade do ar no Brasil

ABSTRACT This article describes the current conditions of the air quality monitoring network in Brazil. The results reveal that only ten states and the Federal District carry out the monitoring through 371 active stations - 80% in the Southeast region. Other relevant information include: (i) 41.2% of the national stations are private - in the state of Rio de Janeiro they represent 60% of the its total of stations, while in the state of São Paulo, 100% of the stations are public; (ii) MP10 is the most monitored pollutant in 62.8% of stations and MP2.5 in only 25.9% of them; and, (iii) the communication of monitoring data in real time to the population occurs in five states. Thirty years after its creation, the National Air Quality Network, is incomplete and insufficiently implemented, preventing adequate air quality management by environmental agencies.

摘要 本文阐述巴西空气质量监测网络的当前运行现状。监测结果显示，该国仅10个州及联邦特区设有371个在用监测站开展空气质量监测，其中80%的站点分布于东南部地区。其余相关信息如下：(i) 全国范围内41.2%的监测站点为民营站点：其中里约热内卢州的民营站点占其总站点数的60%，而圣保罗州的监测站点则100%为公立站点；(ii) MP10是62.8%站点的首要监测污染物，而MP2.5的监测占比仅为25.9%；(iii) 仅5个州实现了面向公众的监测数据实时发布。该国国家空气质量监测网络自建立至今已30年，但仍存在体系不完善、建设实施不到位的问题，致使环境管理机构无法开展有效的空气质量管控工作。