Morpho-phenological and agronomic performance of strawberry cultivars with different photoperiodic flowering responses

ABSTRACT. The adaptability of the strawberry is known; however, little is known about the morphological and agronomic performance of these runner plants when transplanted in the Southern Hemisphere. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether strawberry cultivars classified according to their flowering differ in morpho-phenology and agronomic performance. Six cultivars of strawberry were used, two of which were Short Day (SD), Camarosa and Camino Real, and four of which were Neutral Day (ND), Aromas, Albion, Monterey, and San Andreas. The cultivars were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four blocks. The research developed in two parts: one part as descriptive research (morphological performance and phenology) and the other part as explanatory research (morphology of the root system and the agronomic performance). In the descriptive research, the data about the strawberry cultivars were presented in a descriptive way. The data on morpho-agronomic performance (explanatory research) were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test at a 5% probability of error. It is inferred that there is variability among cultivars regardless of their classification in terms of flowering. In all cultivars, we observed a botanical structure called a hypsophyll that is not included in the morphological descriptors of the species.

摘要。草莓的适应性已被广泛认知，但关于此类匍匐茎苗移栽至南半球后的形态学与农艺性状表现，现有研究仍较为匮乏。本研究旨在探究按开花习性分类的草莓品种，其形态物候学与农艺性状表现是否存在差异。本试验选用6个草莓品种，其中短日照（Short Day, SD）型品种2个：Camarosa、Camino Real；日照中性（Neutral Day, ND）型品种4个：Aromas、Albion、Monterey、San Andreas。试验采用随机完全区组设计，设置4次重复。本研究分为两个研究模块：其一为描述性研究，涵盖形态性状表现与物候期观测；其二为解释性研究，包含根系形态与农艺性状表现分析。在描述性研究中，以描述性统计方法呈现各草莓品种的相关数据。针对解释性研究中的形态农艺性状表现数据，采用方差分析与5%误差概率的Tukey检验进行统计分析。研究结果表明，无论品种按开花习性如何分类，不同草莓品种间均存在性状变异；且在所有供试品种中，均观测到一种未被该物种现有形态学描述体系收录的植物结构——苞叶（hypsophyll）。